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THE GRAND JURY.
Term Paper ID:30766
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Essay Subject:
Examines the development of grand juries.... More...
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4 Pages / 900 Words
4 sources, 13 Citations,
APA Format
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Paper Abstract:
Examines the development of grand juries. Their history in England and America. Grand jury independence. The present use of such panels. Strengths and weaknesses of the grand jury system. Current function of returning criminal indictments, and as an investigative body. Special grand juries. Potential for abuse. Value of grand juries as a check on the state.
Paper Introduction:
The grand jury is a unique feature of Anglo-American law that has existed since the 12th century. Though grand juries have largely fallen out of favor, they are still used in many American jurisdictions. This is particularly true at the federal level because of Constitutional clauses regarding grand juries. This paper will examine the development of grand juries, the present use of such panels, and the strengths and weaknesses of the system.
Grand juries trace their lineage to 1166, when Henry II, the King of England, employed a body of locals as his investigative arm. The initial grand juries did not hear evidence per se, but rather were the sources of evidence, reporting what they had heard and seen—in other words, gossip (Frankel and Naftalis, pp. 6-7).
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DUE PROCESS.
Term Paper ID:30741
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Essay Subject:
Summarizes and analyzes the Due Process Clauses of the U.S. Constitution.... More...
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18 Pages / 4050 Words
70 sources, 18 Citations,
OTHER Format
$72.00
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Paper Abstract:
Summarizes and analyzes the Due Process Clauses of the U.S. Constitution. Historical evolution of the Fifth and Fourteenth Amendments. Interpretations by the U.S. Supreme Court. How the due process clause was used to expand American civil liberties. Substantive due process and the protection of private property. Modern concepts. Table of Authorities.
Paper Introduction:
HISTORICAL EVOLUTION OF THE DUE PROCESS CLAUSE
This research paper outlines, summarizes and analyzes the historical evolution of the Due Process Clause(s) of the U.S. Constitution. The interpretations given by the American Supreme Court to these clauses in the Fifth and Fourteenth Amendments have served significantly to adapt the Constitution to changing conditions. During the first 100 years of the Republic, the Due Process Clause was interpreted narrowly as a procedural safeguard and contributed little to the resolution of the principal jurisprudential problem, the adjustment of the relations between the national and state governments. During the period 1890 to 1937, substantive due process largely in the service of private property and commercial interests and later as a tool for delineating the contours of the welfare state helped define the
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GUN CONTROL.
Term Paper ID:30661
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Essay Subject:
Discusses issues involved.... More...
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3 Pages / 675 Words
3 sources, 10 Citations,
MLA Format
$12.00
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Paper Abstract:
Discusses issues involved. Contends that the Constitution does not provide unequivocal support for unlimited citizen possession of all types of guns. Argues that many 21st Century Americans believe that gun control regulation is needed. Proposes restrictioins should be adopted on the use of guns, if not gun ownership, for public safety.
Paper Introduction:
Gun Control
Gun control has emerged as one of the more contentious and emotionally charged issues in American politics, with advocates of gun control legislation as passionate about their position as members of the National Rifle Association and other gun ownership supporters. It will be argued in this brief essay that the meaning of the seminal words in the American Constitution that refer to this issue – “A well-regulated militia being necessary to the security of a free state, the right of the people to keep and bear arms shall not be infringed" (quoted in Amar 103) – do not provide unequivocal support for unlimited citizen possession of all types of guns.
Those who call for almost unlimited access on the part of citizens to firearms of all types and descriptions always make reference to the foregoing
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AMERICAN JURIES.
Term Paper ID:30607
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Essay Subject:
Examines role of juries in fulfilling political jurisprudence.... More...
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4 Pages / 900 Words
5 sources, 13 Citations,
APA Format
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Paper Abstract:
Examines role of juries in fulfilling political jurisprudence. Trial by jury as a cornerstone of justice in the American legal system. Lack of training of jurors on how to evaulate evidence or apply legal principles. Replacement of jurors with evidentiary hearings before a judge in England. Advantages of each system. Jury selection.
Paper Introduction:
Juries
Richard H. Uviller (1996) has advanced the idea that the American criminal justice process is far from true justice as exemplified by unqualified jury members who make life and death decisions. Uviller (1996) believes that true justice consists, at least in part, of accurate fact finding along with dignitary values. The qualitative research hypothesis to be explored in this brief report is that American juries, while playing a viable role in fulfilling political jurisprudence, may be less efficacious in achieving true justice as described by Uviller (1996) than the bench systems employed by other governments.
In the United States, trial by jury is often regarded as a cornerstone of our temple of justice (Zobel, 1995). The very concept of the jury pervades the national mindset and yet we also perceive the difficulties
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DEREGULATION IN THE UNITED STATES.
Term Paper ID:30554
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Essay Subject:
Discusses regulation and deregulation issues.... More...
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12 Pages / 2700 Words
10 sources, 6 Citations,
APA Format
$48.00
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Paper Abstract:
Discusses regulation and deregulation issues. Legal precedent established by Munn v. Illinois regarding interstate commerce and private property rights. Nabbia v. New York. Impact of airline deregulation; instability of the industry. Electric power industry and California deregulation and energy crisis. Telecommunictions deregulation. FDA and drug approval process; Orphan Drug Act.
Paper Introduction:
REGULATION/DEREGULATION ISSUES
Munn v. Illinois
Munn v. Illinois [94 U.S. 13 (1876)] established a legal precedent related to both interstate commerce and private property rights in the United States. The State of Illinois enacted a law designed to protect both farmers and consumers by setting maximum charge for storing grain in privately owned elevators and warehouses. The enactment of the law occurred at the behest of the Grange movement, which was an organization that promoted farming interests. Another requirement of the Illinois law was that warehouse operations must obtain a license from the state to operate grain storage facilities.
Ira Munn violated both of the above-mentioned provisions of the Illinois law. Munn operated a grain storage facility in Chicago without o
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CAMERAS IN THE COURTROOM.
Term Paper ID:30550
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Essay Subject:
Discusses whether cameras should be allowed during felony trials.... More...
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11 Pages / 2475 Words
7 sources, 9 Citations,
APA Format
$44.00
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Paper Abstract:
Discusses whether cameras should be allowed during felony trials. State laws and judicial rulings on the topic. Defendant's interests. Constitutional issues (First and Sixth Amendments). Concerns over publicity in trials, and role of the major media. Cites several cases and opinions. Personal reaction to topic contends that cameras should be allowed.
Paper Introduction:
CAMERAS IN THE COURTROOM
ISSUE:
Should cameras be allowed in the courtroom during all felony trials?
There has been no final decision on this question on the part of the Supreme Court, leaving a patchwork of State laws and judicial rulings on the topic. In California, absent a claim by the defense that the defendant's interests will be prejudiced by the presence of a camera in the courtroom, and that claim upheld by the judge, the presumption is that cameras may be allowed in the courtroom if so requested by a news-gathering organization
(Wilson Conference, 1097).
There are two major constitutional areas that must be dealt with in deciding whether to allow a camera. These are the public's right to kno
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DRUG COURTS.
Term Paper ID:30531
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Essay Subject:
Examines these courts as effective managers of drug related punishment.... More...
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12 Pages / 2700 Words
9 sources, 17 Citations,
TURABIAN Format
$48.00
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Paper Abstract:
Examines these courts as effective managers of drug related punishment. Contends that drug courts are the most effective method of punishment for drug offenders. Origins of drug courts in Florida in 1989. Conceptual and clinical elements that make drug courts successful. Addiction. Historical problems with criminal justice mandated treatment.
Paper Introduction:
DRUG COURTS
AS EFFECTIVE MANAGERS
OF DRUG-RELATED PUNISHMENT
The prototype for drug courts was developed in Dade County, Florida, in 1989. The drug court is a unique effort that uses the occasion of a drug-offence arrest as an intervention opportunity for drug offenders. Despite historical problems in criminal justice diversion and referral programs, the Dade County success rates have shown that these problems can be overcome through unique collaborative relationships, innovative treatment design, and the elimination of conventional gaps in the referral- treatment-monitoring proc
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MEDIATION AND ARBITRATION.
Term Paper ID:30382
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Essay Subject:
Summarzes and compares essential features.... More...
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12 Pages / 2700 Words
24 sources, 15 Citations,
APA Format
$48.00
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Paper Abstract:
Summarizes and compares essential features. Purpose of removing civil cases from the courts. Pre-dispute agreement to arbitrate (PDAA). Burden of persuasion. Usefulness in resolving civil disputes in the United States. Negotiation, litigation, adversial litigation. Binding and non-binding arbitration and mediation. Private arbitration. Court-annexed arbitration. Cites laws, statutes and cases.
Paper Introduction:
MEDIATION AND ARBITRATION
This research paper summarizes and compares the salient features of mediation and arbitration and comments on their relative utility in resolving American civil disputes.
Overview and comparison
When a civil dispute arises between different members of society, it may be resolved in a variety of ways. In negotiations, the parties resolve their dispute directly without the intervention of third parties. They may invoke the power of the state by initiating litigation in the civil courts. Since the 1970s, the use of various forms of alternative dispute resolution (ADR) techniques, principally arbitration and mediation, has greatly expanded. This growth has been fueled by a broadly held consensus that adversarial litigation suffers from severe
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AFFIRMATIVE ACTION POLICY.
Term Paper ID:30129
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Essay Subject:
Argues in favor of affirmative action and the need for the policy to continue.... More...
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4 Pages / 900 Words
4 sources, 7 Citations,
TURABIAN Format
$16.00
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Paper Abstract:
Argues in favor of affirmative action and the need for the policy to continue. Its effectiveness in decreasing institutional discrimination and role in shaping the values of Ameican society. Concept of special privileges & equal opportunity. Reverse discrmination issue. Overall segregation of American workforce. Gap between rich & poor. Undoing injustices.
Paper Introduction:
Launched in 1965 by President Lyndon Johnson to redress institutional discrimination against people of color, affirmative action has been effective in helping people of color and other minority groups gain access to jobs and educational opportunities that were previously unavailable to them. Although many critics of affirmative action believe that this policy should no longer be implemented, the U.S. still does not offer sufficient equal opportunities to individuals who are disadvantaged by their race, gender or socioeconomic status. Therefore, affirmative action still needs to be implemented in order to redress the social and economic inequality that continues to plague the American society.
This paper offers arguments in favor of affirmative action and the need for its implementation. Apart from its
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AMERICAN JUDICIAL SYSTEM.
Term Paper ID:30111
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Essay Subject:
Discusses decline of public trust & confidence in the legal system.... More...
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10 Pages / 2250 Words
9 sources, 20 Citations,
APA Format
$40.00
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Paper Abstract:
Discusses decline of public trust & confidence in the legal system. Asseses basic issues. Public perception of legal system. Basis of U.S. rule of law. Principle of judicial independence. Challenges t the justice system. Importantce of a strong & independent judiciary. Ideals of American judicial independence related to rest of the world.
Paper Introduction:
PUBLIC CONFIDENCE IN THE AMERICAN JUDICIAL SYSTEM
INTRODUCTION
While a decline of public trust and confidence in the legal system may appear to be of recent origin, it has a long history. In an address to the American Bar Association delivered in August 1906, Roscoe Pound, then Dean of the Law Department of the University of Nebraska, observed:
Dissatisfaction with the administration of justice is as old as law. As long as there have been laws and lawyers, conscientious and well meaning men have believed that laws were mere arbitrary technicalities, and that the attempt to regulate the relations of mankind in accordance with them resulted largely in injustice. But we must not be deceived by this
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POLITICAL ASPECTS OF MICROSOFT ANTITRUST CASE.
Term Paper ID:30065
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Essay Subject:
Examines government actions regarding Microsoft.... More...
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6 Pages / 1350 Words
15 sources, 13 Citations,
APA Format
$24.00
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Paper Abstract:
Examines government actions regarding Microsoft. Anti-competitive investigations of the company in 1990 by the Federal Trade Commission (FTC) regarding Microsoft as a monopoly. U.S. Department of Justice 1993 investigation of Microsoft's marketing practices. Political ties of Netscape. The 1998 anti-trust charges filed by the U.S. Department of Justice and by 20 State attorneys. Microsoft's competitors. Future of Microsoft.
Paper Introduction:
POLITICAL ASPECTS OF THE MICROSOFT ANTITRUST CASE
Introduction
This research examines the Microsoft antitrust case with an emphasis placed on the political aspects of the case. The current Microsoft antitrust case is not the first antitrust case involving Microsoft, nor was the earlier antitrust case the first anti-competitive investigation of the company.
This examination begins with a consideration of the earlier governmental actions involving Microsoft and proceeds to a consideration of the present antitrust case against the company. The final section of the examination considers the future prospects for Microsoft.
The Earlier Microsoft Antitrust Case
The earliest anti-competitive investigation of Microsoft by the fede
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INSANITY DEFENSE.
Term Paper ID:30033
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Essay Subject:
Discusses the legal concept of insanity.... More...
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3 Pages / 675 Words
2 sources, 4 Citations,
MLA Format
$12.00
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Paper Abstract:
Discusses the legal concept of insanity. Aspects of premeditation and calculation in comitting murder. Uses two specific examples to illustrate the general discussion: one literary & one actual case. Edgar Allan Poe's 1846 story "A Cask of Amontillado" and an 1843 English murder trial that raised the question of criminal insanity and established the modern legal insanity test (McNaughton rule).
Paper Introduction:
Insanity is a term often used as if it had a medical meaning, but in truth, insanity is a legal concept. Under this concept, Montresor in Edgar Allan Poe's story "A Cask of Amontillado" would certainly be classified as mentally unbalanced but would also be deemed sane under the law. This is because while the actions he takes might be considered insane by many people, he does them knowing that what he is doing is wrong.
In the Poe story, the tale is told by Montresor, who will also be the murderer, and the reader experiences his madness directly because he tells his own story. The horror story by Poe gains power by having the protagonist tell the story. This is a story that features a theme repeated in several Poe stories, that of being buried alive, and here the victim is
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THE LANHAM ACT.
Term Paper ID:29689
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Essay Subject:
Protection of trademarks and service marks.... More...
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7 Pages / 1575 Words
5 sources, 10 Citations,
APA Format
$28.00
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Paper Abstract:
Protection of trademarks and service marks. Timelessness of the 1946 Act. Problems of the Act including large number of appeals. Trademark registration. 1984 Trademark Counterfeiting Act; changes that took place with passage of Revision Act. Other changes in Lanham act as a result of consumer habits and spending; false advertising. Trademarks in cyberspace.
Paper Introduction:
THE LANHAM ACT: FACTS AND OPINION
President Harry S. Truman signed the comprehensive Lanham Act in 1946. “The Lanham Act defines the statutory and common law boundaries to trademarks and service marks. Trademarks (and service marks) are words and designs used in the advertising of goods and services” (No auth. 2002 1). The Lanham Act is more than a protective measure. It also provides the means of initiating trademark protection for anyone who has an unusual wording, symbol or design that is valuable to him in the conduct of his business.
What makes this Act seemingly timeless is that, with occasional additions and amendments, protection is now afforded to American companies doing business internationally, as well as those conducting business in cyberspace.
Landmark bi
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LIABILITY CASES AND SCHOOL PRINCIPALS.
Term Paper ID:29667
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Essay Subject:
Legal issues that confront secondary school administrators.... More...
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6 Pages / 1350 Words
9 sources, 15 Citations,
APA Format
$24.00
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Paper Abstract:
Legal issues that confront secondary school administrators. Impact of issues on day-to-day work. Six sources of the law relating to administration of school affairs. Controversial education topics; sexual harassment; freedom of expression; discrimination; student confidentiality & due process rights. Court cases and ruling.
Paper Introduction:
Liability Cases and Secondary School Principals
Legal issues confront secondary school principals every day and it is to court decisions that these administrators must turn to gain up-to-date information about legal liability issues impacting upon their day-to-day work (Strope, 1998). There are generally six sources of law that are most likely to exercise an influence in the administration of school affairs. These are the Constitution, federal statutes and regulations, local board of education policies and administrative regulations, local school rules, teacher/adviser/coach rules, and the common law. As Strope (1998) pointed out, it is the Supreme Court and the lower courts that are most likely to rule on relevant issues with respect to both the common law and the Constitution.
Any number of United States Supreme Court decisions has directly
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JOHN STEINBECK.
Term Paper ID:29574
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Essay Subject:
Biography of the Nobel Prize winning American author.... More...
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4 Pages / 900 Words
5 sources, 10 Citations,
MLA Format
$16.00
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Paper Abstract:
Biography of the Nobel Prize winning American author. His early life and influence of his parents. His growing interest in literature. His education and personality. Impact of his Northern California environment. His early career as a journalist. His fiction and commercial success. Personal life and marriages. His growing political activism.
Paper Introduction:
John Ernst Steinbeck was born in Salinas, California, on February 27, 1902. He was of German and Irish ancestry. His father (also John) worked as the Monterey (California) Treasurer after having failed at several business ventures including the management of a flourmill and running his own feed store. The elder Steinbeck’s appointment to what was a “lifetime” job as the County Treasurer was as a result of the intervention of neighbors (Potter).
As a “role model,” John’s father presented to his son, an example of disappointment and ongoing frustration (Potter). From the literature, it was unable to definitively classify the elder Steinbeck as either a “never-do-well” or as someone that had simply become broken by what he believed to have been too long of a string of career disappointments. The latter is assumed.
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INTELLECTUAL PROPERTY.
Term Paper ID:29519
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Essay Subject:
Protection of the end product of new ideas.... More...
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6 Pages / 1350 Words
5 sources, 6 Citations,
APA Format
$24.00
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Paper Abstract:
Protection of the end product of new ideas. Legal concept that individuals and companies are entitled to the fruit of their labors or research. Examples of Intellectual Property battles. Effect of Napster on the music and recording industry. The AIDS crisis and high price of pharmaceutical drugs in poor countries.
Paper Introduction:
INTELLECTUAL PROPERTY
At one time, the idea was that anyone who made a better mouse trap would see the world beating a path to his door. Today, with innovations occurring daily, and profits high from some innovations, especially pharmaceuticals, the world beats a path to the lab or workshop to imitate and perhaps improve on that mouse-trap. In other words, new ideas do not last long, and unless they are sometimes protected by law, ideas are nearly worthless. That is one side of the Intellectual Property argument: anyone who creates something should have the end-product protected from theft, imitation, and a use that may not have been originally foreseen. In other words, companies as well as individuals who have created something, hardware or software, even though it may exist only on a disk, (as long as it is more than an idea- but prod
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CONSTRUCTION LIEN LAW.
Term Paper ID:29261
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Essay Subject:
Implementation of the law in North Carolina.... More...
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10 Pages / 2250 Words
24 sources, 26 Citations,
MLA Format
$40.00
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Paper Abstract:
Implementation of the law in North Carolina. History of the construction or mechanics lien law. Legislative purpose. Protection for contractors, subcontractors and other construction professionals. Basic statutory framework and implementation issues. Relationship of mechanics liens and other statutes (e.g. publicly owned property, Homestead exemption, truth-in-lending law).
Paper Introduction:
NORTH CAROLINA CONSTRUCTION LIEN LAW
This research paper outlines and discusses the legislative purpose and history, basic framework, and issues associated with the implementation of North Carolina's construction or mechanics' lien law, N.C. GEN. STAT. secs. 44A-7 et seq. (2002).
Legislative Purpose and History
All 50 states, including North Carolina, have enacted construction or mechanics' lien laws. According to Black's Law Dictionary, a mechanics' lien is "a claim created by state statute for the purpose of securing priority of payment of the price or value of work performed and materials furnished in erecting, improving and repairing a building or other structures" (981). Elias says the intended use is "to collect debts owed for work and materials contributed to construction and real estate
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CIVIL RIGHTS MOVEMENT.
Term Paper ID:29006
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Essay Subject:
Role of litigation from 1954-1959.... More...
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4 Pages / 900 Words
1 sources, 5 Citations,
APA Format
$16.00
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Paper Abstract:
Role of litigation from 1954-1959. Legal challenges to racial iniquities. Historical perspective including 1896 U.S. Supreme Court decision Plessy v. Ferguson. NAACP actions on the legal basis to challenge segregation and doctrine of separate-but-equal. Focus on area of education. 1954 Brown v. Board of Education overruling separate-but-equal doctrine. Other legal victories of Civil Rights Movement. Tactics. Bus Boycott of 1955.
Paper Introduction:
The battle to gain civil rights for all Americans regardless of their race -- and later their gender -- was fought on a number of different fronts and by peaceful soldiers of all colors and all ages. This paper examines the role that litigation played in furthering the cause of civil rights in the United States during the years 1954 to 1959. Litigation would not have been enough to raise the status of black Americans on its own, but the grass-roots protests that are the symbolic heart and the remembered images of the Civil Rights movement would not have been sufficient to produce the sea change that occurred in American society without the earlier legal strategies and actions.
The legal challenges to the racial iniquities in American society trace their roots back to 1933 when Nathan Ross Margold,
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SUBSTANCE ABUSE & PREGNANT WOMEN.
Term Paper ID:28885
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Essay Subject:
Discusses public policy appraches taken by U.S. state & federal authorities to problems of substances that may be hazardous to health of fetus. Cites court cases.... More...
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14 Pages / 3150 Words
33 sources, 68 Citations,
APA Format
$56.00
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Paper Abstract:
Discusses public policy appraches taken by U.S. state & federal authorities to problems of substances that may be hazardous to health of fetus. Cites court cases.
Paper Introduction:
SUBSTANCE ABUSE AMONG PREGNANT WOMEN: PUBLIC POLICY APPROACHES
This research paper examines and discusses the public policy approaches taken by state and federal authorities in the United States to the problems presented by the ingestion by pregnant women of illegal drugs or other substances which may be hazardous to the health of the fetuses they carry.
Beginning in the 1960s, growing public awareness of the prevalence of child abuse led to the passage of federal and state legislation designed to afford greater protection to children. The increased use of illegal drugs, especially crack cocaine in the inner cities, resulted in the prosecution since the late 1980s of hundreds of women who had ingested dangerous drugs during their pregnancies. However, efforts to criminalize drug use during pregnancy have been almost universally rejected
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DWI VEHICLE FORFEITURE POLICY IN NEW YORK.
Term Paper ID:28860
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Essay Subject:
Vehicle seizures of privately owned autos in 3 counties in New York State for Driving While Intoxicacted. Constitutioal issues. New York City Reckless Driving Policy.... More...
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19 Pages / 4275 Words
21 sources, 0 Citations,
APA Format
$76.00
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Paper Abstract:
Vehicle seizures of privately owned autos in 3 counties in New York State for Driving While Intoxicacted. Constitutioal issues. New York City Reckless Driving Policy.
Paper Introduction:
INTRODUCTION
There are at least three counties in the State of New York that have enacted laws or implemented polices allowing for the seizure and forfeiture of privately-owned automobiles upon arrest for a Driving While Intoxicated (DWI) offense. In some counties, vehicle seizures are made upon a defendant's first arrest for DWI. In every county, seizure of a defendant's vehicle precedes an adjudication of guilt. As a result, important constitutional issues have arisen.
COMPARISON OF LAWS IN THREE NEW YORK COUNTIES
The first of the three policies, placed into effect on February 20, 1999, governs the County of New York, which consists of the Borough of Manhattan. The forfeiture policy is not a separate law written specifically for DWI, but is an
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SEXUAL HARASSMENT.
Term Paper ID:28746
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Essay Subject:
Discusses problem of definition; its prevalence; general perception of what behaviors constitute harassment.... More...
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5 Pages / 1125 Words
10 sources, 10 Citations,
APA Format
$20.00
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Paper Abstract:
Discusses problem of definition; its prevalence; general perception of what behaviors constitute harassment.
Paper Introduction:
Sexual Harassment
Introduction
One of the first difficulties to be confronted when talking about the issue of sexual harassment is the problem of definition. It is important to make a distinction between what is illegal behavior, behavior legally defined as sexual harassment, and what is undesirable behavior in the workplace. The latter may be behaviors that make people uncomfortable, but are not forbidden by law.
Risser (1999) makes the important point that it is necessary for companies and employees to decide for themselves what kind of workplace environment that they want, within legal boundaries. She noted t
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INTRENATIONAL COMMERCIAL ARBITRATION.
Term Paper ID:28652
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Essay Subject:
Analysis of its historical roots; use in international transactions. Development of international legal & institutional framework.... More...
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26 Pages / 5850 Words
59 sources, 38 Citations,
TURABIAN Format
$104.00
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Paper Abstract:
Analysis of its historical roots; use in international transactions. Development of international legal & institutional framework.
Paper Introduction:
HISTORY OF INTERNATIONAL COMMERCIAL ARBITRATION
During the second half of the 20th century, international arbitration has emerged as the method preferred by many private businessmen for the resolution of commercial disputes among them which they have been unable to settle by informal means. The growth of international commercial arbitration has accompanied and gained momentum from the phenomenal growth in world trade and private foreign direct investment (FDI) which has characterized the postwar period. This research paper summarizes the historical roots of commercial arbitration and its use in international transactions, including the role of various legal systems in facilitating or impeding its development, and the steps taken in the early postwar period to establish a solid international legal and institutional framework for its further
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ROSENBERG CASE.
Term Paper ID:28509
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Essay Subject:
Examines espionage accusation, trial, sentencing & execution of Julius & Ethel Rosenberg as a Cold War event. Purpose of trial, evidence, history of accused, political motivations, protests, conflicts, aftermath.... More...
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9 Pages / 2025 Words
4 sources, 11 Citations,
APA Format
$36.00
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Paper Abstract:
Examines espionage accusation, trial, sentencing & execution of Julius & Ethel Rosenberg as a Cold War event. Purpose of trial, evidence, history of accused, political motivations, protests, conflicts, aftermath.
Paper Introduction:
THE TRIAL OF JULIUS AND ETHEL ROSENBERG
Introduction
In the book The Haunted Wood, co-authors Allen Weinstein and Alexander Vassiliev give a panoramic view of one particular epoch in American History, the Cold War. Essentially, this book claims to reveal much that is stunning and revealing about the overt and covert conflicts that divided the United States and the Soviet Union in a game of global domination, that, on the surface pitted two great economic theories Communism and Capitalism. Whether the book actually achieves its purpose is not within the scope of this paper.
What is within the scope is to focus on one event from the era of the Cold War and see just how that impacted the United States. That event is the espionage accusation, trial, sentencing, an
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DISABLED LIBRARY USERS.
Term Paper ID:28382
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Essay Subject:
Issues involved in providing special facilities for disabled in libraries. Laws, trends & theories; budget constraints vs legal mandates.... More...
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6 Pages / 1350 Words
10 sources, 16 Citations,
APA Format
$24.00
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Paper Abstract:
Issues involved in providing special facilities for disabled in libraries. Laws, trends & theories; budget constraints vs legal mandates.
Paper Introduction:
This research will examine issues relevant to providing special facilities for the disabled in libraries, pursuant to the Americans with Disabilities Act of 1990 (ADA). It will also discuss the major trends and theories that have emerged with regard to the issues, with a view toward suggesting possible lines of discourse and practical development.
In order to appreciate what is involved in the mandate to provide special facilities for the disabled in libraries, it will be useful to look briefly at the provisions of the ADA that are directly relevant to optimal access to library resources and facilities on the part of the disabled. The ADA, passed into law in 1990 and implemented in 1991, was a revised and extended version of the Rehabilitation Act of 1973. Section 504 of the earlier law prohibited employment discrimination against physi
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ARBITRATION IN THE CORPORATE WORLD.
Term Paper ID:28319
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Essay Subject:
Use of arbitration in disputes between investors & retail securities brockerage firms. Cites cases & codes. Discusses usefulness as an alternative to civil litigation for small businesses as well as corporations.... More...
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20 Pages / 4500 Words
27 sources, 39 Citations,
TURABIAN Format
$80.00
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Paper Abstract:
Use of arbitration in disputes between investors & retail securities brockerage firms. Cites cases & codes. Discusses usefulness as an alternative to civil litigation for small businesses as well as corporations.
Paper Introduction:
ARBITRATION IN THE CORPORATE WORLD
This research paper discusses the use of arbitration to resolve disputes involving corporations, especially those between investors and retail securities brokerage firms, in the United States. Arbitration developed slowly in the 20th century in common law jurisdictions as a cost effective alternative to litigation as the courts overcame their traditional reluctance to accept arbitration and to recognize the enforceability of private pre-dispute arbitration agreements ("PDAAs"). Because of the congestion in the civil courts and for other reasons, arbitration is very much in vogue in the corporate world.
In the securities industry, arbitration has emerged since the mid to late 1980s as the principal vehicle for resolving disputes involving investors and securities brokerage firms.
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AFFIRMATIVE ACTION.
Term Paper ID:28259
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Essay Subject:
Historical background, roles of civil rights & women's movement, legal decisions, political issues, benefits & failings.... More...
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6 Pages / 1350 Words
4 sources, 6 Citations,
APA Format
$24.00
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Paper Abstract:
Historical background, roles of civil rights & women's movement, legal decisions, political issues, benefits & failings.
Paper Introduction:
Abstract
This paper examines one of the most controversial political practices of the second half of the 20th century – affirmative action, or the favoring of women and racial minorities in various aspects of society to compensate for past injustices against them.
Affirmative action was born in the Civil Rights era of the 1960s when formal legal protections were seen as necessary not only to safeguard the rights of social minorities but were needed to go a step beyond this, to guarantee a helping hand to those groups in society that had suffered past discrimination. The intent of affirmative action laws and policies was to create what might be seen as a slightly slanting playing field, which would tip things just ever so slightly in favor of minorities (including women). After some n
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RIGHT TO PRIVACY.
Term Paper ID:28249
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Essay Subject:
Constitutional rights; invasions of privacy re: Internet.... More...
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6 Pages / 1350 Words
4 sources, 44 Citations,
APA Format
$24.00
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Paper Abstract:
Constitutional rights; invasions of privacy re: Internet.
Paper Introduction:
TRADITIONAL & CONTEMPORARY CHALLENGES TO INDIVIDUAL PRIVACY RIGHTS
The United States of America has, since its inception, championed the rights of the individual. In the Constitution, the personal liberties of the common citizen are defined and safeguarded in the Bill of Rights and the following amendments. However, it is a compelling fact that nowhere among the text of the Constitution nor in the amendments is the word “privacy” explicitly mentioned (FindLaw Internet Legal Resources, 2000). The right to privacy, a quintessential and cherished right for Americans, has therefor proven difficult to establish in law (FindLaw, 2000). Challenges to an individual’s right to privacy have arisen consistently over the years, relying on the courts, at both the State and Federal levels, to determine the extent to which our personal privacy is protected (FindLaw, 2000).
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STATUTE OF LIMITATIONS.
Term Paper ID:28218
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Essay Subject:
Historical perspective. Roman Law, English Law. Role of property & ownership. Legal claims. Use by government.... More...
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23 Pages / 5175 Words
17 sources, 46 Citations,
TURABIAN Format
$92.00
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Paper Abstract:
Historical perspective. Roman Law, English Law. Role of property & ownership. Legal claims. Use by government.
Paper Introduction:
This research examines the concept of the statute of limitations from a historical perspective. The research will set forth the origins of the concept in Western culture and its evolution from Roman to English law, and then discuss major features of its transfer and application in the American legal system, with a view toward identifying how it was viewed by various legal authorities in the US and various uses to which it has been put.
The concept of the statute of limitations is deceptively simple. In the popular mind, the term refers to the amount of time during which a plaintiff may pursue a cause of civil action in court or, in criminal law, the amount of time that must elapse before a defendant is legally excused from the criminal liability associated with a crime. It is of course a truism of television court
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MEDIATION & DISPUTE OR CONFLICT RESOLUTION.
Term Paper ID:28157
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Essay Subject:
Describes functions & necessary skills of mediator. Usefulness as an intervention. How the process works.... More...
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7 Pages / 1575 Words
9 sources, 17 Citations,
APA Format
$28.00
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Paper Abstract:
Describes functions & necessary skills of mediator. Usefulness as an intervention. How the process works.
Paper Introduction:
MEDIATION AS A FORM OF DISPUTE RESOLUTION
This research paper discusses mediation as a form of dispute or conflict resolution, the powers a mediator must have, the steps he or she is likely to take and the skills a mediator should have in dealing with and facilitating the resolution of such disputes.
Nature of Mediation and Powers of Mediators
Hoffman (1994, Winter) defined mediation as "a process whereby a neutral third party assists disputing parties reach a mutually acceptable decision" (p. 848). The term mediation comes from the Latin verb mediare, to be in the middle. According to Folberg and Taylor (1984), "mediation is an intervention that is intended to resolve disputes and manage conflict by facilitating decision-making" (p. xi). Marcus et al. (1995) said the man or
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INTELLECTUAL PROPERTY RIGHTS.
Term Paper ID:28035
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Essay Subject:
IPR violations by China; impact on U.S. economy. Discusses IPR causes & proposes solutions.... More...
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10 Pages / 2250 Words
13 sources, 40 Citations,
MLA Format
$40.00
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Paper Abstract:
IPR violations by China; impact on U.S. economy. Discusses IPR causes & proposes solutions.
Paper Introduction:
Intellectual property rights (IPR) violation by China is an important issue in United States-China relations and should be curbed before the situation worsens. In order to comprehend the importance of intellectual property rights (IPR) and their enforcement, one needs to realize the immense impact it has for the American economy. All patented, copyrighted, and trademarked materials and products are considered intellectual property. Therefore, it refers to a great variety of American products, such as computer software, music recordings and videos (Mastel). They constitute 6 percent of the GDP of the United States. Altogether, intellectual property generates billions of export dollars for the United States every year (Mastel). Therefore, it is evident that intellectual property plays a large role in the American economy.
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