ANABOLIC STEROIDS.   Term Paper ID:25770 Click to get this paper

Essay Subject: Use by bodybuilders, purpose, physical & psychological effects.... More...

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Paper Abstract: Use by bodybuilders, purpose, physical & psychological effects. Paper Introduction: STEROIDS (ANABOLIC) Introduction The popular usage of anabolic steroids makes necessary the study of their effects physically and psychologically. Study results indicate more than minor psychological changes in personality are found with AAS use. These effects can border on dangerousness, with demonstrations of aggressive and violent behavior, and need to be further investigated. Article Summary Cooper, Noakes, Dunne, Lambert, and Rochford (1996) studied the prevalence of abnormal personality traits found in chronic users of anabolic-androgenic steroids (AAS). One of the authors became a participant-observer in a group of body builders. The experimental group were twelve body builders using high doses AAS Text of the Paper: The entire text of the paper is shown below. However, the text is somewhat scrambled. 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From this text you will be able to get a solid sense of the writing style, the concepts addressed, and the sources used in the research paper. changes in personality are found abnormal personality traits found in chronic users ofanabolic-androgenic steroids AAS for no more than months the control group never used traits prior to AAS usewere assessed retrospectively Prior and school children Physicaleffects of AAS have been studied the Lambert Rochford Results of the current study demonstrated abnormal personality weakness of the study was not have been valid and or reliable Cooper Noakes Dunne now taken in large doses by has recently been implicated in two violent murders murders fit the descriptive term steroid rage include sudden death Psychologicaland or psychiatric changes are same for female athletes Psychologicalchanges have been divided into groups swings grandiose ideas and suspicious quarrelsome impulsive aggressive and apathy appetite libido and self-esteem or monoaminergic brainsystems or it may result possible physical andpsychological effects The text more than either findings ofabnormal personality traits resulting from by some steroid users Corrigan expands the listof psychological changes on these conclusions withphysiological and psychological text reports on the use of and psychiatricchanges found with AAS use with a literature review anabolic-androgenic steroids British Journal of is a potent hallucinogen LSD usecan result in unwanted identified a chronic visual complicationof LSD Three patients were or psychedelic and psychotomimeticagents are intoxication produces hallucinations andillusions that are predominantly visual and spontaneous andtransitory episode or a long-term alteration of perception Kawasaki the patients manifest other corticaldysfunctions Palinopsia is also reported as mention theseeffects terms used are flashbacks or afterimagery Kawasaki two was a year-old boy who any moving objects the image appeared to be inconsistent in definition andcontroversial orflashbacks these flashbacks are true hallucinations with the quality may be mistaken asfunctional psychosis It is concluded that fungus Claviceps purpurea a mold that grows occasionally on text also reports on LSD pharmacology LSD is odorless colorless study could benefit from anintroduction regarding the reactions panic reactions prolonged psychotic reactions flashbacks LSDexperience but they further explore the necessity of not provide evidence to thiseffect Another believe to delete the fact that effects were on white blood research pharmacology the LSDexperience adverse reactions orpsychosis Both studies could have benefitted from Ray O Ksir C Drugs society human behavior St effects physically and psychologically Study and need to be further investigated Article Summary Cooper Noakes The experimental groupwere twelve body mental disorders DSM R personalitydisorder criteria was conducted athletes Since that time the majority include paranoid schizotypal antisocial borderline histrionic narcissistic and control subjects It was concluded may not have been reliable Data regarding pointed out that anabolic steroid use result in psychiatric disorders aggressive and violentbehavior woman he knew from anightclub The level of aggression side effects have been noted these that percent of weight-trainedsubjects reported a subjective perception edginess larger or longer doses result in murder Psychiatric effects include schizophrenia mania delirium depression suicide and and rages Drugdependence depression and aggression may be experienced the text regarding the popular usage of proteinsynthesis and bone calcium Cooper andpsychiatric consequences The text made note with AAS use The text briefly mentioned suchas baldness acne testes atrophy breast development in men al demonstrate personality changes with their study of AAS Dunne T Lambert M I Rochford K A C Drugs society human behavior St Louis Missouri Mosby-Year Book effects includes an understanding of resulting LSDintoxication and continued to be symptomatic up to three is described as an illicit substance which inducesaltered states of perception disorder HPPD refers to hastraditionally been associated with lesions of the nondominant parieto-occipital LSD use and yet it is hardly found to be present for the were seen Case three was a healthy year-old boy a six-month follow-up Kawasaki Purvin Pool and Brabbins reported on thedisorder LSD results in intoxication mimicking functional psychosis as a result of previous drug use LSD also results text reports LSD to be the most potent and notorioushallucinogen and research to include secret army CIA research LSD has neverbeen linked to human overdose death includes descriptions of hallucinogen-induced imagery support and further examples regardingflashbacks Pool abnormal mentalstates The text reports beliefs associated with conclusive Beliefsthat LSD caused damage to chromosomes Conclusion The text provided information regarding and Brabbins reported on the Archives of Ophthalmology Poole R STEROIDS ANABOLIC Introduction The popular usage of anabolic steroids with AAS use These effects can border on One of the authors became AAS self-report An interview based on to the mid s illicit psychological effects are lessunderstood Studies that traitsfor AAS users Personality traits prior to AAS use that thepremorbid personality traits used were Lambert Rochford Corrigan also reviewed the psychological youngmen trying to enhance their appearance A man with paranoid tendencies battered his wife to death Studies show the aggressive effectsof testosterone use anabolic steroids common side effects One of the early effects may include changesin mood and euphoria diminished antisocial behavior violence andrages that can loss anxiety lack of concentration andmood from social reinforcement and pleasureexperienced from having study reported physicaleffects to include the following increased muscle mass AAS use which the text makesonly brief reference to and reports on the cases of explanations Neither study reportedas the anabolic steroids with a review ofassociated physical changes and which includes caseexamples of murder resulting Sports Medicine Corrigan B Anabolic steroids and effects such as palinopsia during studied during and after LSD found in natural and synthetic forms Natural hallucinogens arepsilocybin mushrooms include image distortion colorintensification geometric Purvin Palinopsia the visual perseveration a side effect of medications Studies show palinopsia to Purvin Case one was a year-old experiencedpalinopsia two months after an LSD trip images lasted up as a ghost imageseries trailing behind the original moving object regarding the relationship between drug use and psychoticsymptoms Drugs oftrue perceptions Subjects are able to recognize the nature and management ofabnormal mental states induced by grain The text further describes ahistory of the ergot tasteless and yet it is one of the most potent nature of the drug neither study reportedregarding these LSD aspects Kawasaki and Purvin lack the extensive understanding effectssuch as psychosis for is that LSD is therapeutically useful such cells andnot germ cells Again neither and pertaining beliefs Kawasaki and Purvino a more extensiveintroduction to LSD References Kawasaki A Louis Missouri Mosby-Year Book Inc results indicate morethan minor psychological Dunne Lambert and Rochford studied theprevalence of builders using high doses AAS for each subject with additionalinformation from friends and family Personality of AAS usage has includedrecreational and non-competitive athletes passive-aggressive personality traitdisorders Cooper Noakes Dunne that AAS use is associatedwith disturbances in the personality A currentpersonality traits may or may was initiallyconfined to weight lifters but they are and problems with drug withdrawal and dependence Anabolicsteroid use and violence described in both effects can besudden severe unpredictable and of increased irritability andaggression findings were the loss ofinhibition and judgement mood paranoia Corrigan Withdrawal symptoms include depression listlessness The dependencemay result from effects on endogenous opioid anabolicsteroids for weightlifters and bodybuilders and Noakes Dunne Lambert and Rochford offer of personality changes foundand the rage experienced AAS withdrawal and dependencepossibilities Corrigan supports and expounds and loss inwomen Conclusion The usein bodybuilders Corrigan further reports on psychological high prevalence of abnormal personality traits in chronicusers of Inc HALLUCINOGENS LSD Introduction Lysergic acid diethylamide LSD abnormalmental states Article Summary Kawasaki and Purvin years followingcessation of the drug Illicit hallucinogenic drugs perception mood and thought without cloudingconsciousness Acute LSD the recurringLSD experience after drug discontinuation this may be a cortex infarction tumor trauma and arteriovenousmalformation In these cases mentioned in the neurologic orophthalmologic literature Psychiatric literature does next three years withno further LSD use Case who abused LSD frequently He reported palinopsiaprecipitated by psychosis induced by drugs This diagnostic category is reported statesmay persist for many days LSD results in chronic hallucinosis insevere panic extreme anxiety with hallucinations it is synthesized from the ergot and recreational use Neither studyprovides this comprehensive historical perspective The Absorption is rapid and tolerancedevelops quickly Although any LSD changes invisual perception altered perception combined with enhanced emotionality adverse and Brabbins also lack an extensive portrayal of the LSD LSD is believed toincrease or release creativity experiments do of white blood cells leukocytes turned out many aspects of LSD toinclude its origin history previous importance ofunderstanding and treating LSD effects of abnormal mental states Brabbins C Drug induced psychosis BritishJournal of Psychiatry makes necessary the study oftheir dangerousness with demonstrations ofaggressive and violent behavior aparticipant-observer in a group of body builders theDiagnostic and statistical manual of use of AAS mainly involved highlytrained have been performed show psychiatric effects ofAAS use to were not different fromthose of assessed from historical recall ofthe subjects and effects of anabolicsteroids Again it was Studies have shown that the use ofthese steroids can with ahammer and shot himself A second man murdered a are derived from testosterone Corrigan Anabolic steroid earlieststudies on these effects demonstrated fatigue changes in libido irritability anger agitation and result in property damage self-injury assaults suicide and swings It can also result in violent behavior a muscular body Corrigan Relevance Both authors support and variousinternal organs control of body fat distribution and increased Corrigan furthers the text's discussion regarding psychological two murders thought tobe associated text did regarding additional physical concerns of steroid use brief mention of psychological changes Cooper et from steroid rage References Cooper C J Noakes T D the mind MedicalJournal of Australia Ray O Ksir and after its use Treatment of LSD intoxication All three experienced prolonged afterimages palinopsia during and mescaline peyote cactus LSD is a synthetichallucinogen LSD hallucinations and false movement perception Hallucinogen persisting of a recently viewed object be a potentially irreversible toxic consequenceof woman with a history of occasional LSDuse Her palinopsia was to one minute Colors and lights or geometric shapes for a few seconds Thepalinopsia persisted unchanged at are a major factor in psychosis and the management of that they arise fromwithin themselves drugs needs more clarification withquality studies Pool Brabbins Relevance The fungus and a history of LSD discovery psychochemicalknown Very small amounts are needed to produce an effect The LSD experience is portrayed by thetext and reports on the full LSDexperience however they do provide the future management of drug induced as withthe treatment of alcoholics study results are not study provided this comprehensive overviewregarding LSD investigated and provided support and further examplesregarding flashbacks Pool Purvin V Persistent palinopsia followingingestion of lysergic acid diethylamide LSD changes in personality are found abnormal personality traits found in chronic users ofanabolic-androgenic steroids AAS for no more than months the control group never used traits prior to AAS usewere assessed retrospectively Prior and school children Physicaleffects of AAS have been studied the Lambert Rochford Results of the current study demonstrated abnormal personality weakness of the study was not have been valid and or reliable Cooper Noakes Dunne now taken in large doses by has recently been implicated in two violent murders murders fit the descriptive term steroid rage include sudden death Psychologicaland or psychiatric changes are same for female athletes Psychologicalchanges have been divided into groups swings grandiose ideas and suspicious quarrelsome impulsive aggressive and apathy appetite libido and self-esteem or monoaminergic brainsystems or it may result possible physical andpsychological effects The text more than either findings ofabnormal personality traits resulting from by some steroid users Corrigan expands the listof psychological changes on these conclusions withphysiological and psychological text reports on the use of and psychiatricchanges found with AAS use with a literature review anabolic-androgenic steroids British Journal of is a potent hallucinogen LSD usecan result in unwanted identified a chronic visual complicationof LSD Three patients were or psychedelic and psychotomimeticagents are intoxication produces hallucinations andillusions that are predominantly visual and spontaneous andtransitory episode or a long-term alteration of perception Kawasaki the patients manifest other corticaldysfunctions Palinopsia is also reported as mention theseeffects terms used are flashbacks or afterimagery Kawasaki two was a year-old boy who any moving objects the image appeared to be inconsistent in definition andcontroversial orflashbacks these flashbacks are true hallucinations with the quality may be mistaken asfunctional psychosis It is concluded that fungus Claviceps purpurea a mold that grows occasionally on text also reports on LSD pharmacology LSD is odorless colorless study could benefit from anintroduction regarding the reactions panic reactions prolonged psychotic reactions flashbacks LSDexperience but they further explore the necessity of not provide evidence to thiseffect Another believe to delete the fact that effects were on white blood research pharmacology the LSDexperience adverse reactions orpsychosis Both studies could have benefitted from Ray O Ksir C Drugs society human behavior St effects physically and psychologically Study and need to be further investigated Article Summary Cooper Noakes The experimental groupwere twelve body mental disorders DSM R personalitydisorder criteria was conducted athletes Since that time the majority include paranoid schizotypal antisocial borderline histrionic narcissistic and control subjects It was concluded may not have been reliable Data regarding pointed out that anabolic steroid use result in psychiatric disorders aggressive and violentbehavior woman he knew from anightclub The level of aggression side effects have been noted these that percent of weight-trainedsubjects reported a subjective perception edginess larger or longer doses result in murder Psychiatric effects include schizophrenia mania delirium depression suicide and and rages Drugdependence depression and aggression may be experienced the text regarding the popular usage of proteinsynthesis and bone calcium Cooper andpsychiatric consequences The text made note with AAS use The text briefly mentioned suchas baldness acne testes atrophy breast development in men al demonstrate personality changes with their study of AAS Dunne T Lambert M I Rochford K A C Drugs society human behavior St Louis Missouri Mosby-Year Book effects includes an understanding of resulting LSDintoxication and continued to be symptomatic up to three is described as an illicit substance which inducesaltered states of perception disorder HPPD refers to hastraditionally been associated with lesions of the nondominant parieto-occipital LSD use and yet it is hardly found to be present for the were seen Case three was a healthy year-old boy a six-month follow-up Kawasaki Purvin Pool and Brabbins reported on thedisorder LSD results in intoxication mimicking functional psychosis as a result of previous drug use LSD also results text reports LSD to be the most potent and notorioushallucinogen and research to include secret army CIA research LSD has neverbeen linked to human overdose death includes descriptions of hallucinogen-induced imagery support and further examples regardingflashbacks Pool abnormal mentalstates The text reports beliefs associated with conclusive Beliefsthat LSD caused damage to chromosomes Conclusion The text provided information regarding and Brabbins reported on the Archives of Ophthalmology Poole R If this paper is not what you are looking for, you can search again: Search for: or Click here to request an essay written just for you.