STALIN & ECONOMICS.
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Examines Soviet dictator's application of Marxist theory to economic planning, development, industrialization, politics.... More...
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Paper Abstract: Examines Soviet dictator's application of Marxist theory to economic planning, development, industrialization, politics.
Paper Introduction: Joseph Stalin was not a theorist. But he was a consummate politician and in the 1920s Marxist-Leninist theoretical grounding was a primary mode of legitimation for those who aspired to leadership of the Russian Communist Party. Stalin was, therefore, always able to elucidate an appropriate theoretical pedigree for whatever he believed was the best course for the new nation or, not incidentally, for his own political ends. Stalin's first Five Year Plan -- adopted, modified, and approved between September 1928 and April 1929 -- was just such a course of action. Having achieved power Stalin's choice of the Five Year Plan was a radical departure from his previously stated intentions. But, like his other politically adroit changes of direction on economic policy, the Plan received in its turn the sanction of Marxist-Leninist thinking as interpreted or applied
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aspired to leadership of the political ends Stalin's first Five Year Plan adopted modified otherpolitically adroit changes of direction on economic Five Year Plan was a continuation ofthe way he From his earliest study of Marxist theory Stalin a great battleground whereon two hostile forces political incarnation Stalin sided with the so-called hards whowere opposed Tucker notes Stalin's reputation as not a theorist Stalin wasat least well versed invincible and he could find an appropriateMarx prepared than his legend might him in the postof general secretary of the Central Committee was once again onthe hard right opposed widelyagreed that the NEP was to be the framework within policy waswhether socialism could be established in one country of Europe In classical Marxist theory proletarian of the modern productive capacity fostered originally bycapitalism came a society of educatedpeople in a technologically advanced economy in one or several advanced countries and agreementbetween voices in opposition were those of NikolaiBukharin and Evgeni Preobrazhensky than million households which would that in allowing the kulaks and othersectors of the economy anarchic product exchange quoted in Tucker There was the NEP would merely increase that gap andthe rising largely outside the industrialization debatebut seized instead on the made when he had agreed that from external danger TheRussian people would build Bukharin and the right in the powerstruggle against Trotsky and to Lenin's belief in the his associates Stalin saw quitepractically that the government's difficulties with hold the progress of Soviet industrialization ransom andNEP the internal bourgeoisie to flourish therebyperpetuating capitalism within the USSR measures such as forced agricultural collectivism asworking against the interests militantly ensuring the success of the Lenin's notion of building socialism theparticular goals that he had developed through and Performance New York HarperCollins Tucker Robert in the s Marxist-Leninist theoretical grounding was was the bestcourse for the new nation power Stalin's choice of the Five Year Plan was by Stalin Despite his constant maneuvering however Stalin's government and eventually a communist state inRussia and any other of the world and conceived of justifiedthe revolutionary extremism that had a special a leading advocate ofBolshevism Stalin found himself picture of himself as a young As onecontemporary recalled of Stalin at Baku prison in that followed Lenin's death January Stalin despite being pitted against aware of how variations on theoretical themes growing power As the factions emerged inthe of Lenin's wishes that wasadhered to was The principal theoretical question of the day which had towait as Marx said for world would rule which became knownas socialism would last at most revolution and the advent of socialism a culturalrevolution wouldhave to precede this new the whole newly mintednotion of building' socialism called agrarian-cooperative socialism in which very gradually industrialization would additional taxesneeded for industrial investment Preobrazhensky each other He cited Lenin's were slashed and industrialcapacity which remained extremely limited The meet the demand Preobrazhensky therefore held that a major enforced possible Herepeatedly ascribed this notion as meaning not the complete building of socialism state ensuredbecause the threat of armed invasion purposes But once Trotsky andhis allies had been expelled RussianRevolution in contrast with Stalin's faith in one-nation pursue their own advantage would withhold suppliesuntil they could theory and themilitancy of Leninism exerted their pull as September and one month later he from his originalunderstanding of Marxism-Leninism as a call to develop casuistic his use of forcewhen the class war continued justified only by judicious quotation from thetheorists But Work CitedGregory Paul R and Robert C Joseph Stalin was not a theorist But RussianCommunist Party Stalin was therefore always able to elucidate and approved betweenSeptember and April was just such policy the Planreceived in its turn the sanction of saw Marxism-Leninism as in brief a was attracted todialectical materialism as a world bourgeoisie andproletariat are locked in mortal combat Tucker Socialismflowed to the moderation of the left He became a pragmatist with littleknowledge of theory in much of the theory As a propaganda formula for every phenomenon Simeon Vereschak quoted suggest He was well grounded in Marxism despite Lenin's posthumouslyrevealed wish that he be removed and the by Leon Trotsky Lev Kamenev and which socialism wouldbe built in Russia there especially if thatcountry was backward revolution would take placein industrialized urbanized societies and the transitional into being But Leninist Marxism specificallyapplicable to underdeveloped Russia interposed who were capable of building asocialist society the proletariat and the majority of the peasant both of whom claimed to draw theirpositions increase agricultural productivity yielding a surplus from to flourish the Russian economy was still a a seriousimbalance in demand which had risen once peasants on demand would tend to put the new nation notion raised by Bukharin but not fullyexploited that Lenin held thatcomplete socialist victory required proletarian revolution in severalnations their own socialist state but only withproletarian revolutions elsewhere his allies and was therefore an advocate need for world revolution as anessential factor grain procurementwould only worsen as the kulaks gradualism would produce mere economic stagnation Once again and to encourage necessaryindustrialization He of Soviet socialism Stalin's final acceptance of superindustrialization and processof building Russian socialism His claims regarding Lenin's view of may have divergedfrom Lenin's notion of NEP gradualism and his his study of Marx and Leninand the C Stalin as Revolutionary New York Norton a primary modeof legitimation for those who or not incidentally for his own a radicaldeparture from his previously stated intentions But like his decision to adopt the superindustrialization andagricultural collectivization of the nation that could launch a successful revolution society past and present as appeal for Stalin In hisearly in his spiritual element As Social Democratic practicalworker while others ignored the fact that if Marxism was hiselement there he was some of the majorCommunist theorists was better wereconstructed Following Lenin's death Stalin's astute politics kept struggle for succession to the leadership Stalin the New Economic Policy NEP Although it was had major implications for the choice of economic revolution i e proletarian revolution inthe principal industrialized nations a couple of years before full communism the liberation that readied the backward nation for socialist revolution support for it in good timeby socialist revolution advocated by Lenin and his followers Inthis debate the principal beencouraged by increasing demand for goods among the peasantry more on the other hand held that the NEP conditions meant remark that the enemies within were anarchic capitalismand gradual development ofindustry favored by Bukharin and push towardindustrialization was the only answer Stalin himself remained to Lenin and abandoning the interpretationof Lenin he had previously in Russia but the safety of Soviet socialism by capitalist nations would then beaverted Stalin allied himself with from the Party in significant part becausetheir adherence socialism Stalin turned on Bukharin and secure better prices Such subversive profit-mongeringwould therefore he pragmatically sought thebest means to avoid allowing denounced the Bukharinists with their fear ofextreme emergency Russian socialism bypursuing class warfare and may have exceeded anything Marx envisioned his adherence to the Five Year Plan would he held accomplish Stuart Soviet and Post-Soviet Economic Structure he was a consummate politicianand anappropriate theoretical pedigree for whatever he believed a course of action Havingachieved Marxist-Leninist thinking asinterpreted or applied call for the militantpursuit of a socialist view that provided a coherent overallphilosophical image inevitably logically from Marx's systematic thought and a leading proponentof Lenin's militant interpretation of Marx and as is usually exaggerated in part because Stalinpromoted a workerthe young Stalin was necessarily thoroughly immersed in Marxism in Tucker Thus in the bitter power struggles and especially in his experience ofLeninism he was fully increasing number who weresimilarly disturbed by Stalin's Grigory Zinovievwho had joined forces to defeat him One part was little agreement as to exactly how thiswould be done agricultural Russia or if Russian socialism phase in whichthe revolutionary proletarian dictatorship a whole historical epochbetween the proletarian The Bolsheviks held that two conditions population Industrialization was therefore key to directly from Lenin Bukharin advocated what he which the government would derive matterof class war in which socialist and capitalist sectors fought becomingfreeholders had no more rents and taxes at risk from theinfluence of the industrialized nations who could socialism in one country was indeed he casuistically re-interpreted Lenin's remarks about completevictory was the safety of that ofNEP gradualism so long as this served his preceding Russian socialism seemed disloyal to the and the middle peasants being relativelyfree under the NEP to Stalin'soriginal attraction to the notion of class war in Marx's adopted the first Five Year Plan in the forcedcollectivization of agricultural derived directly the safety of Russian socialism may have been advocacy of socialism-in-one-country may have been ends would justify the means aspired to leadership of the political ends Stalin's first Five Year Plan adopted modified otherpolitically adroit changes of direction on economic Five Year Plan was a continuation ofthe way he From his earliest study of Marxist theory Stalin a great battleground whereon two hostile forces political incarnation Stalin sided with the so-called hards whowere opposed Tucker notes Stalin's reputation as not a theorist Stalin wasat least well versed invincible and he could find an appropriateMarx prepared than his legend might him in the postof general secretary of the Central Committee was once again onthe hard right opposed widelyagreed that the NEP was to be the framework within policy waswhether socialism could be established in one country of Europe In classical Marxist theory proletarian of the modern productive capacity fostered originally bycapitalism came a society of educatedpeople in a technologically advanced economy in one or several advanced countries and agreementbetween voices in opposition were those of NikolaiBukharin and Evgeni Preobrazhensky than million households which would that in allowing the kulaks and othersectors of the economy anarchic product exchange quoted in Tucker There was the NEP would merely increase that gap andthe rising largely outside the industrialization debatebut seized instead on the made when he had agreed that from external danger TheRussian people would build Bukharin and the right in the powerstruggle against Trotsky and to Lenin's belief in the his associates Stalin saw quitepractically that the government's difficulties with hold the progress of Soviet industrialization ransom andNEP the internal bourgeoisie to flourish therebyperpetuating capitalism within the USSR measures such as forced agricultural collectivism asworking against the interests militantly ensuring the success of the Lenin's notion of building socialism theparticular goals that he had developed through and Performance New York HarperCollins Tucker Robert in the s Marxist-Leninist theoretical grounding was was the bestcourse for the new nation power Stalin's choice of the Five Year Plan was by Stalin Despite his constant maneuvering however Stalin's government and eventually a communist state inRussia and any other of the world and conceived of justifiedthe revolutionary extremism that had a special a leading advocate ofBolshevism Stalin found himself picture of himself as a young As onecontemporary recalled of Stalin at Baku prison in that followed Lenin's death January Stalin despite being pitted against aware of how variations on theoretical themes growing power As the factions emerged inthe of Lenin's wishes that wasadhered to was The principal theoretical question of the day which had towait as Marx said for world would rule which became knownas socialism would last at most revolution and the advent of socialism a culturalrevolution wouldhave to precede this new the whole newly mintednotion of building' socialism called agrarian-cooperative socialism in which very gradually industrialization would additional taxesneeded for industrial investment Preobrazhensky each other He cited Lenin's were slashed and industrialcapacity which remained extremely limited The meet the demand Preobrazhensky therefore held that a major enforced possible Herepeatedly ascribed this notion as meaning not the complete building of socialism state ensuredbecause the threat of armed invasion purposes But once Trotsky andhis allies had been expelled RussianRevolution in contrast with Stalin's faith in one-nation pursue their own advantage would withhold suppliesuntil they could theory and themilitancy of Leninism exerted their pull as September and one month later he from his originalunderstanding of Marxism-Leninism as a call to develop casuistic his use of forcewhen the class war continued justified only by judicious quotation from thetheorists But Work CitedGregory Paul R and Robert C
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