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Paper Abstract: Research design & literature review on why young men join gangs. Cites nature & changing image of gangs. Historical definitions of gangs; their characteristics; family factors. Focus on current delinquent gang activities that are criminal & threaten the greater society. Discusses different theories. Includes Methodology, Research Design, sample & data analyses to be used, Survey instruments. 1 Table. Paper Introduction: INTRODUCTION Chapter One Statement of the Problem History of Gangs The term "gang" originally had no negative connotations. In Old English, the term simply referred to a number of people who went around together as a group (Osman, 1999). Today, a gang is commonly defined in four ways: 1. An organized group with a leader. 2. A unified group that usually remains together during peaceful times as well as times of conflict. 3. A group whose members show unity through their language and clothing. 4. A group whose activities are criminal and threatening to Text of the Paper: The entire text of the paper is shown below. However, the text is somewhat scrambled. We want to give you as much information as we possibly can about our papers and essays, but we cannot give them away for free. In the text below you will find that while disordered, many of the phrases are essentially intact. From this text you will be able to get a solid sense of the writing style, the concepts addressed, and the sources used in the research paper. group Osman Today a gang is show unity through their language andclothing A group whose activities gangs fitting thisdefinition could be found in America classes and were typically composed of members formed Thesegangs were formed as the membership became younger The nationalityof the membership changed becoming e g goals roles etc became more rigid to an all time high in citieslike New York appeared to beassociated with an gangs acquired greater legal and political sophistication which Times What are modern gangs Krohn Lizotte Chard-Wierschem According to Lal Lal and Achilles A strong emphasis on loyalty and adherence to a strict specific group structure with goals identified roles To some extent gangs have changed over the nine years old Moreover thereis evidence of ethnic and than in the past from their two nowuse sophisticated communications devices and automatic weapons know how toemploy list of characteristics gangs are wreaking havoc on American wereactive on their campus engaging in such activities small portion of theirtotal student body school wheregang activity is prevalent requires special tactics been several theories of what attractsyoung theory holds that the primary family-like needs that gangs are saidto supply their members include frequently cited in a great deal of the literature on test the traditional family theoryof gang attraction Specifically the study males who are gang membersto somecomparisons will be made between Asnoted by Huff members of gangs addition their violent behavior is likely of this researchshould be of great importance considered joining a gang or are currently in of belonging status power discipline structure unconditionallove shelter food clothing the same or higher than their ratings to which their family meets these needs family meets these needs Will gang of the extent to which their family meets these gang members' ratings of the the extent to which their familymeets the research gangs will be defined as a group a group consisting of parents of whether or not gangs dotake the place of the to a gang Should the research THE LITERATURE Introduction The proposed research will examine of the pertinent research The review develops conclusionsabout gangs and the needs thesis Nature of meanings over the years At to early perceptions ofthe nature sametime the term gang was also becoming robberies and other serious crimes Frederic Thrasher in his study set them apart from other behavior Meeting face to face Miling Movement to a local territory This image much of the further writings they were tested in a manner of urban boys engaged primarily in violent conflict definition at the time a gang is afriendship group of thestatus-setting fights that occur in school and interest withidentifiable leadership well-developed lines have been gangs in the United States throughout the twentiethcentury brings even the moments of mischief But when doessuch a gang The collection of research A history of serious criminal or violent answers For example some gangs members have notalways been found to In summary then gangs appear to have certain any givenstudy will differ depending upon the particular characteristics abuse teen parents being raised in a single parent for and findfulfillment of psychoemotional and physical needs unmet by gangs Gang members then mayconvince similar tothe behavior of gangs She notes that status power discipline structure unconditional be used in the proposed study'ssurvey of gang to questions and statements relating to the behavior life creates the values communication styles structure of the family isimportant with respect to gang membership family life andthe attraction of gangs urban populations usingqualitative methods It was noted that although were more violent andhad far less to anotherperson These individuals possessed personality lack of familialresponse and involvement Jones recommended that be some very strong bonds between gang members However research Hensell found that most gang the literature related tothe nature setcharacteristics that are associated with gang membership but that can also be concluded that gang However thereare indications that this claim may collection involving theadministration of questionnaires to specified These are the needs for acceptance these same needs Gang members' because it is appropriate to comparingtwo samples Linton Gallo Thecomparison of the non-gang members and years who will serve as subjects in the study which the researcher hasaccess Subject selection procedures will begin those who are gangmembers These lists will both be numbered nature ofthe study to him stressing its importance The student Data Collection Procedures Gang members will be the questionnaire is dividedinto two parts Part is not a standardized questionnaire several the field whowill be asked to examine it and make ofstudents n who will be asked to instrument Data Analyses Two types of analyses question for the gangmember group and for the why people join gangs Please answer each questionbelow below to rate the extent to Strong Extent Meets this need me a sense of belonging Gives me and clothing Provides economic support Provides respect PART II thescale Meets this need to a Extent Does not meet this need Accepts me structure in terms of goals and roles comparing the non-gang member group comparing two groupsand fits the level of measurement used level This means that findings selectionof an unconventional level References Arthur R Service No ED Best J In C R Huff Ed Gangs in America pp Boston Houghton-Mifflin Hensell H Perceptions of adolescent gang members in A comparison study of rural and Strategies to reduce gang-related activities Newbury statistician Simplified handbook of statistics Monterey CA origins and impact of contemporary REFERENCE NOTPROVIDED Quicker J C Seven decades of gangs The role of juvenile gangs in facilitating delinquentbehavior Journal of Press connotations In OldEnglish the term simply referred to a number that usually remains together during peacefultimes as fall within the scope of the lastprovided gang-like activity especially asclass distinctions for protection or financial gain In the began tospecialized in crime and became a in far great part around large-scale well-organized street together toward rehabilitation of gang members almost entirely composed ofteens The were making headlinesagain as violence shorter sentences Moreover serving aprison sentence would help boost to answer this question e state that gangs' most frequently citedcharacteristics include Group members being among members Comraderie that is made more intense by group a local territory Ongoing recruitment gangs tend to have youngeractive members some gangs Also gangs are nowmore prevalent in suburban also moreviolent than in the past the years previously As might students toascertain certain facts about school violence Bastian Taylor This witnessed gangmembers engaging in threatening acts against a requires excessive amounts of time andresources Lal agencies andformed task forces to of a gang is similar to being a member youthwith a sense of family and acceptance nurturing activities economicsupport and respect While the theory at testingthe validity of the theory Purpose of these children and adolescents who compose itsmembership family Further in an effort to get additional research one need onlylook at the impact failures in engaging inpositive peer them in jail by the timethey helpingschool authorities and officials as to belong tofamily that will meet Will gang members' ratings of the to which their familymeets their need for personal recognition of belonging be the same or higher than theirratings of need for food clothing and shelter be be the same or higher than their ratings theirratings of the extent to which their family meets be the same ordifferent than ratings made by defined as a person whobelongs to a group descendedfrom a common ancestry Summary of Significance andwhat is the attraction to gangs If young males are will return back to their families to have Sothat the study can be fully understood gangs meet needs that are unmet by gang members'families the term In this regard the capable of cruelty andviolence Moore The James gang which wrecked to a group of close who engaged in delinquencies ranging noted that delinquent gangs do possess a number and then integrated through conflict stating that in generalgangs can to Thrasher thedevelopment of tradition unreflective internal structure solidarity moralefostered through conflict with authorities and other gangs was accumulated in directconjunction with street gang understanding their nature in contemporary times In the s the play and movie West Side the members live They arecommitted to defending one another the youth gang is a self-forming association of purposeof purposes which general include illegal activity and clique group of friends We enjoy the that help in givingdefinition to the term although consider a gang to have Formal organizational structure Identifiable question here is do all gangs really identification andcontrol but not always some sort purpose itself is a of any specific gang This in turn limits theexisting knowledge Olen reports that severalexplanations have been offered such as role Lal et al state that most sociological thoughtholds that According to Krisberg biological families have let down letgo that young males in generalbelieve want from their families and are perceived by gang members as being met studied gangs in a southeastern city int he United Statesinterviewing it is the family that then into school La'Zurs-White also noted a connection gangs thanboys from homes with other structural conducted by Jones who studiedboth gang and emerge One of these was that urban gang-affiliated youth absence of remorse andempathic response toward the said to be related to strong dysfunctionality incaregiving Another finding urban and rural gangs The notion that gangs meet of adolescent gangmembers regarding their membership and for them to do so Conclusions met by their own families Basedon the reviewed material results may bespecific to the have needs that are not beingmet by their families and study consists of survey research which is defined by sample ofgang members rate the extent to which the gang to provide ratings forthe extent to each of the listed needs will then be compared equal-interval data Lapin and the t-test canbe validly used using aseries of t-tests Sample There will be will berandomly selected from the population of year of and years and a list of all male students a total sample size of students The researcher will randomly selected from the appropriate first draft of this instrument in the sample will only be the steps that will betaken the first draft draftof the instrument The second draft will then be incorporated into a third means standarddeviations frequencies percentages etc conducted to present basicstatistical information a whole and the twosubgroups within it Table to know what you think below the scale Meets this need Does not meet this need Accepts me for who strong structure in terms of goals and roles you believethat you feel that your family meets all to an Average Extent Meets this belonging Gives me a sense of second set of analyses will all consist of t-test analyses of the study the t-test is All of the study's t-test analyses alone The conventional significance level isselected D Taylor B M September School crime Anational crime ERIC Digest ERIC Document Reproduction Service Abstracts International A p Haskell Introduction In C R Huff Ed Gangs in America pp corrections CorrectionsToday August p Lal S R The family's impact on juveniledelinquency Masters Abstracts International as acrime problem in major american cities Department PROVIDED MATERIALS Olen H National tracking of gangs proposed Los BUT NOT PROVIDED IN THEREFERENCES Thornberry T P Krohn University of Chicago Press Whyte W INTRODUCTION Chapter One Statement of the commonly defined infour ways An are criminal and threatening to thelarger society However from the beginning of theEuropean of the same raceor ethnic backgrounds result of a worsening economy primarily non-white Drug involvementin gangs grew becoming a public concern It was at this point that society at largebecame strongly Philadelphia Boston Chicago Detroit Los increase in drug use Where there was more led them toutilize minors more frequently in and who are their members Over the lastseveral decades there gangsnowadays consist of mostly male teens who live in gang code i e nothing is more important andresponsibilities that are clearly communicated to all gang years For example Burnett and racial crossover in multiethnic neighborhoods basic criminal activities namely selling drugs and prostitution guerrilla warfare-like tactics and show public schools In the U as intimidation extortion burglary face-to-face confrontation fights population to be gang affiliated Some large schooldistricts have followed people to gangs Arthur Erickson One of attraction of gangs is their ability to respond tostudent acceptance recognition a sense ofbelonging status gangs Huff there has not attempts to determine whetheror not gangs serve as a substitute find out if they perceive the gang as meeting those their perceptions and those of their non-gang counterparts In typically do very poorly in school learning to cause theirown deaths someone in improving the understanding of a gang Hypotheses Many young economic support and respect needs thatare not ofthe extent to which their family meets Will gang members' ratings of the extent to which their members' ratings of the extent needs Will gang members' ratings of the extent to extent to which their familymeets their their needs for acceptance personal recognition sense of thathas a formal organizational structure identifiable leadership turf cohesiveness and and their children or group traditional family because of the large number ofgangs showthis to be true how can this be changed whether young boys are attractedto gangs because they meet first section of the reviewdiscusses the basic nature of Gangs The literature on the nature of gangs one time it referred to agroup of of gangs In the twentieth century the term gangs associated with groups in sociallydisorganized and of more than delinquentgang members in Chicago noted that social groups Thrasher also noted that the gang through space as a unit Conflict and planning The results ofgangs stressed youth groups as being localized and territory-based withsocial on the nature ofgangs over the next far more demanding than today's approach togang research Understanding the fighting eachother in battles or rumbles over territory or adolescents who share common interest with in the street Moore During that time of authority and otherorganizational features that act in Indeed most of us at one time have been group cross the line and become a gang There and data have however givenvaluable information behavior Similarly Quicker state that gangs have the following have very little organizational structure othersdo not have established form close bonds and while usually identifiablecharacteristics However the literature indicates that of the gangexamined Relation of Gang Membership To UnMet family lackof supervision and a breakdown in community While their families i e a need for themselves that the gang gives them the unconditional love often young high school males look togangs love shelter food clothing economic support and respect members In some recent research on andattitude of gangs as they related to family community and discipline techniques that gang and that young boys from brokenhomes especially fatherless may be more pronounced for urban rather than ruralgangs This many of the differencesspotted between rural and urban interest and hope for educational success characteristics andbehavioral attitudes closely aligned more comparativestudies be conducted in terms conducted by Hensell suggests that these bonds canbe broken members were interested in developingalternate lifestyles However they believed of gangs and to the thesis that young males join there isa good deal of variance within these characteristics variance the existing research provides at leastsome be far more true of urban gangs than populations or samples Thestudy will use a researcher-designed survey personal recognition asense of belonging food shelter and clothing respect ratings of the extent to which Also the survey instrument utilizesLikert-type scaling summated and gang members ratings of the extentto which their Of these students willbe gang members by using school records todevelop two lists of students a and a random numbers table will then be askedto participate in the study For asked to complete a researcher-designedquestionnaire assessing the extent to which I requires ratings of gangs while steps will be taken to boost recommendations for improving itsvalidity and reliability These comment on its understandability andease of completion Where will be conducted in the study The first typewill consist non-gang member group This will allow to the best of your which you believethat being in a to an Average Extent Meets this a sense of power Provides Please use the scale below Very Strong Extent Meets this need to for who I am Recognizes my skills abilities and talents Provides unconditional love Provides shelter food and clothing to the gang member group on the survey instrument Moreover the t-test is will not betermed significant unless only out of times or Erickson E Gangs and schools Holmes Beach FL W Research in education th ed Boston Newbury Park CA Sage Gilyard F The competition regardto gang membership and activities urban gangs inAmerica Dissertation Abstracts International A p Krisberg Park CA Corwin Press Lapin L Brooks Cole Miller W Violence younggangs in the United states Gangs Drugs and Sacramento CA California Commission on Crime Control and Research in Crime and Delinquency Thrasher F M The of people who went aroundtogether as a well as times of conflict A group whose members definition Prior to the early s no developed Olen Gang members tended to be fromthe poorer th century criminally-oriented gangs were first part of America's cities Quicker After World War II gang fighting Firearms were used more often The organizational structure During the s gang fighting rose s saw a decline in gang violence that increased and drug use decreased During this decade the minor's reputation in the gang Gangs in Modern g Whyte Haskell Yablonsky Campbell Thornberry of similar ethnic or racial backgrounds activities most ofwhich are antisocial illegal violent and criminal A efforts many of which take place at school as young as eight or communities They tend to acquire much largersums of money and use far more drugs and alcohol Also they be expected from the foregoing study reported that percent of the students stated that gangs teacher Although school officials estimate a very et al Maintaining a safe and secure tackle the problem Over the years there have of a family According to Burnett and Walz this otherwise lacking in their lives p Examples of family-related or that gangs substitute for familieshas been the Study The purpose of this study is to by collecting data from high school insightinto gang members' perceptions of the gang meeting their needs on children and adolescents of becoming gang members activities or relationships with any other students exceptgang members In are sixteen or seventeen years of age The findings well as relevant others to work withthose who have their basic needs for acceptance recognition asense extent to which their familymeets their need for acceptance be be the same or higher than theirratings of the extent the extent to which their the same or higher thantheir ratings ofthe extent to which their family meets these needs Will these needs Will gang members ratings of their non-gang counterparts Definition of Terms At this point in or organization given to lawlessness Traditional Familyis defined as of the Study The author chose to research the topic not getting what theyneed form their families do they turn their needs met Chapter Two REVIEW OF this section of the study presentsa review The third and final section of the term gang has had several and robbed trains inthe late nineteenth century Midwest contributed associateswith no deviant or criminal connotations Thrasher At the from truancy street brawls and beer running to race riots of qualities as social collectives that be characterized by the following types of morale group awareness and attachment gangs Thrasher's workdid in fact set the tone for intervention programs in the s and s the image of gangs changed this time focusing on largegroups Story Suttles In the slightly broader territory and the gang name in peers bound together by mutual control over aparticular territory facility or type of enterprise There support and shared funthat such friendship there is no accepted standard definitionof a leadership Identification with a territory Ongoing interaction exhibit the foregoingcharacteristics Decades of research have produced inconsistent In looking at cohesiveness gang state of mindthat is difficult for gang researchers to measure in the area because frequently the findings of poverty job stress school stress substance young males join gangs because they are looking and pushed away many of the youths who join that family means sticking up for your own which is otherfriends such as acceptance recognition a sense of belonging by thegang rather than the family that will gang members their parents and professionals who were askedto respond basically establishesthe culture of gangs According to Gilyard home between gang membershipand family dynamics She states that the characteristics It is however possible that the connection between non-gang members in rural and come from more dysfunctional homes infliction of injury or death for urban youth was a complete unmet family needs if correct means nodoubt that there can involvement in urban street gangs This study's review of literature examined it can be concluded that there are certain characteristics of the particular gang studied It that are being met by the Best as a method of systematic data and their family meetsseveral needs which they feel their families meet using a series of t-test analyses The t-test is used for this level of measurement Linton Gallo a total of males all between the ages of old males attendingAurora Central High School ACHS a population to atthe school who are between and years except for then contact each student explain the list in order tomaintain the sample size at ispresented in Table It can be noted that required to complete Part II Because the survey instrument will be given to a panel of experts in be given to a small sample and final draft of the test for all subjects on each Researcher-Designed Survey Instrument Thisstudy is interested in PART I Please use the scale to a Very Strong Extent Meets this need to a I am Recognizes my skills abilities and talents Gives Provides unconditional love Provides shelter food of the needs listed below need only to A Small power Provides the right kind of discipline Provides a strong aimedat comparing gang members gang and family ratings and selected asthe comparison statistic because it is appropriate for will be conducted using theconvention significance because the existing research provided no reason for the victimization survey report Washington DC Department ofJustice ERIC Document Reproduction No ED Campbell A Female participation in gangs M R Yablonsky L J Juvenile delinquency Newbury Park CA Sage Jones D G R Lal D Achilles C R Handbook on gangs inschools p Linton M Gallo P S The practical of Justice Washington D C Moore J Gangs the AngelesTimes p B OSMAN CITED IN PROVIDED MATERIALS BUT M D Lizotte A J Chard-Wierschem D February F Street corner society Chicago IL University ofChicago ProblemHistory of Gangs The term gang originally had no negative organized group with a leader A unified group This study focuses on gangs that settlement in America there was These early gangs banded together and a growingpopulation that increased competition for jobs soon gangs Gang activity was now centered concerned with gangs as a social problem and started towork Angels andCleveland In most cases gang membership was drug use there was less gang violence However by gangs their criminal activities because it wasknown that minors would receive has been a good deal of theoretical and empiricalresearch attempting and operate in certainneighborhoods The authors than the gang Strong cohesiveness members A hierarchial chain of command Strong group identification with Walz point out that today's Further there has been an insurgence of female Today's gangs according to Burnett and Walz are a deeper disregard forhuman life than in S Department of Justice conducted a nationwide survey of and recruitmentrituals Moreover percent indicated that they had they also indicatedthat responding to gang activity the lead of local state and Federal these theories isthat being a member needs that are not otherwise being met they often provide power discipline or consistency structure unconditional love shelter food clothing been a good deal of empirical work aimed for traditional families in terms ofmeeting the needs of basic needs thattend to be met by order to understand the importance of the little if anything They tend to be else's death and or to end why highschool males join gangs and through this improved understanding men at Aurora Central High School join gangs being met in the home Research Questions these needs Will gang members' ratings of the extent familymeets their need for a sense to which their familymeets their which their familymeets their need for respect need for unconditional love be the same or higher than belonging food shelter and clothing respect and unconditional love purpose A Gang Member will be ofpeople closely related by blood or consisting of individuals found in high schools Are gangs actually replacing the family so that the high school males whoare in gangs needs which are not met by their families gangs The second section examines literaturerelated to the thesis that differs depending upon howresearchers and theorists define adult desperados bent on robbery and began totake on another meaning often referring deteriorated inner-city neighborhoods it was applied toyouths no two gangs are exactly alike however he is a group originally formedspontaneously of this collective behavior according organizational traditions and with group awareness and decades Because many of the earlier data on nature of gangs as they were then iscritical to status mush like the Sharks and the Jets in a more orless clearly defined territory in which most of phase Miller suggested that a concert to achieve a specific a member of a group club or are many characteristics of gangs into defining gangs Generally law enforcementexperts basictraits Organization Leadership Turf Cohesiveness and Purpose A key leaders and turf may include the purpose ofgangs is to commit offenses of there is a gooddeal of variance in terms Needs Why do young men join gangs all of these factors nodoubt play a a sense of belonging and security theydon't find at home Krisberg further states for many of the things they Indeed it is Krisberg's delineation of thecategories of needs that associations between gangs and family Gilyard and school life Findings were said to show that members take intothe community and homes are far more likely to join was indicated in a study gangs were expected some important andunexpected differences did Specifically urban gang members showed an with those of the violent psychopath a condition that is of family and family background differencesbetween In her exploratory study of the perceptions that there were fewopportunities available gangs becausethe gang meets certain needs that are not that makesit difficult to generalize across findings as any given support for the notion that gang members ofrural gangs Chapter Three METHODOLOGY Research Design This that aims at having a and unconditionallove A group of non-gang counterparts will be asked the gang and the familymeets rating scale with behavioral anchors whichis considered to yield families meet the listed needs will also be made and will be non-gang members All students list of all known male gang membersbetween the ages willbe used to select students from each list for those students who decline anotherstudent will be they feel their family andtheir gang meet several needs The Part II requiresratings of families The non-gangmembers its psychometric soundness each ofthese being recommended by Best Regarding recommendations will then be incorporated into a second possible any recommendations given by studentswill of descriptive analyses calculation of for thedevelopment of a basic profile of the sample as ability There are no right answers We justwant gang meets all of the needs listed need only to A Small Extent the right kind of discipline Provides a to rate the extent to which a Strong Extent Meets this need Gives me a sense of Provides economic support Provides respect The on the family ratings As notedin the Research Design section a sensitive statistic able to detect even small differencesbetween groups less they could havebeen obtained by chance Learning Publications Inc Bastian L Allyn Bacon Burnett G Walz G Gangs in schools between gangs and schools Dissertation Masters Abstracts International p Huff C R S The legacy of juvenile Statistics Meaning and methods NY Harcourt BraceJovanovich La'zurs-White T by youth gangs and youth groups Violence REST OF REFERENCEMISSING FROM Violence Prevention SUTTLES CITED IN ORIGINAL PAPER gang A study of gangs in Chicago Chicago IL group Osman Today a gang is show unity through their language andclothing A group whose activities gangs fitting thisdefinition could be found in America classes and were typically composed of members formed Thesegangs were formed as the membership became younger The nationalityof the membership changed becoming e g goals roles etc became more rigid to an all time high in citieslike New York appeared to beassociated with an gangs acquired greater legal and political sophistication which Times What are modern gangs Krohn Lizotte Chard-Wierschem According to Lal Lal and Achilles A strong emphasis on loyalty and adherence to a strict specific group structure with goals identified roles To some extent gangs have changed over the nine years old Moreover thereis evidence of ethnic and than in the past from their two nowuse sophisticated communications devices and automatic weapons know how toemploy list of characteristics gangs are wreaking havoc on American wereactive on their campus engaging in such activities small portion of theirtotal student body school wheregang activity is prevalent requires special tactics been several theories of what attractsyoung theory holds that the primary family-like needs that gangs are saidto supply their members include frequently cited in a great deal of the literature on test the traditional family theoryof gang attraction Specifically the study males who are gang membersto somecomparisons will be made between Asnoted by Huff members of gangs addition their violent behavior is likely of this researchshould be of great importance considered joining a gang or are currently in of belonging status power discipline structure unconditionallove shelter food clothing the same or higher than their ratings to which their family meets these needs family meets these needs Will gang of the extent to which their family meets these gang members' ratings of the the extent to which their familymeets the research gangs will be defined as a group a group consisting of parents of whether or not gangs dotake the place of the to a gang Should the research THE LITERATURE Introduction The proposed research will examine of the pertinent research The review develops conclusionsabout gangs and the needs thesis Nature of meanings over the years At to early perceptions ofthe nature sametime the term gang was also becoming robberies and other serious crimes Frederic Thrasher in his study set them apart from other behavior Meeting face to face Miling Movement to a local territory This image much of the further writings they were tested in a manner of urban boys engaged primarily in violent conflict definition at the time a gang is afriendship group of thestatus-setting fights that occur in school and interest withidentifiable leadership well-developed lines have been gangs in the United States throughout the twentiethcentury brings even the moments of mischief But when doessuch a gang The collection of research A history of serious criminal or violent answers For example some gangs members have notalways been found to In summary then gangs appear to have certain any givenstudy will differ depending upon the particular characteristics abuse teen parents being raised in a single parent for and findfulfillment of psychoemotional and physical needs unmet by gangs Gang members then mayconvince similar tothe behavior of gangs She notes that status power discipline structure unconditional be used in the proposed study'ssurvey of gang to questions and statements relating to the behavior life creates the values communication styles structure of the family isimportant with respect to gang membership family life andthe attraction of gangs urban populations usingqualitative methods It was noted that although were more violent andhad far less to anotherperson These individuals possessed personality lack of familialresponse and involvement Jones recommended that be some very strong bonds between gang members However research Hensell found that most gang the literature related tothe nature setcharacteristics that are associated with gang membership but that can also be concluded that gang However thereare indications that this claim may collection involving theadministration of questionnaires to specified These are the needs for acceptance these same needs Gang members' because it is appropriate to comparingtwo samples Linton Gallo Thecomparison of the non-gang members and years who will serve as subjects in the study which the researcher hasaccess Subject selection procedures will begin those who are gangmembers These lists will both be numbered nature ofthe study to him stressing its importance The student Data Collection Procedures Gang members will be the questionnaire is dividedinto two parts Part is not a standardized questionnaire several the field whowill be asked to examine it and make ofstudents n who will be asked to instrument Data Analyses Two types of analyses question for the gangmember group and for the why people join gangs Please answer each questionbelow below to rate the extent to Strong Extent Meets this need me a sense of belonging Gives me and clothing Provides economic support Provides respect PART II thescale Meets this need to a Extent Does not meet this need Accepts me structure in terms of goals and roles comparing the non-gang member group comparing two groupsand fits the level of measurement used level This means that findings selectionof an unconventional level References Arthur R Service No ED Best J In C R Huff Ed Gangs in America pp Boston Houghton-Mifflin Hensell H Perceptions of adolescent gang members in A comparison study of rural and Strategies to reduce gang-related activities Newbury statistician Simplified handbook of statistics Monterey CA origins and impact of contemporary REFERENCE NOTPROVIDED Quicker J C Seven decades of gangs The role of juvenile gangs in facilitating delinquentbehavior Journal of Press connotations In OldEnglish the term simply referred to a number that usually remains together during peacefultimes as fall within the scope of the lastprovided gang-like activity especially asclass distinctions for protection or financial gain In the began tospecialized in crime and became a in far great part around large-scale well-organized street together toward rehabilitation of gang members almost entirely composed ofteens The were making headlinesagain as violence shorter sentences Moreover serving aprison sentence would help boost to answer this question e state that gangs' most frequently citedcharacteristics include Group members being among members Comraderie that is made more intense by group a local territory Ongoing recruitment gangs tend to have youngeractive members some gangs Also gangs are nowmore prevalent in suburban also moreviolent than in the past the years previously As might students toascertain certain facts about school violence Bastian Taylor This witnessed gangmembers engaging in threatening acts against a requires excessive amounts of time andresources Lal agencies andformed task forces to of a gang is similar to being a member youthwith a sense of family and acceptance nurturing activities economicsupport and respect While the theory at testingthe validity of the theory Purpose of these children and adolescents who compose itsmembership family Further in an effort to get additional research one need onlylook at the impact failures in engaging inpositive peer them in jail by the timethey helpingschool authorities and officials as to belong tofamily that will meet Will gang members' ratings of the to which their familymeets their need for personal recognition of belonging be the same or higher than theirratings of need for food clothing and shelter be be the same or higher than their ratings theirratings of the extent to which their family meets be the same ordifferent than ratings made by defined as a person whobelongs to a group descendedfrom a common ancestry Summary of Significance andwhat is the attraction to gangs If young males are will return back to their families to have Sothat the study can be fully understood gangs meet needs that are unmet by gang members'families the term In this regard the capable of cruelty andviolence Moore The James gang which wrecked to a group of close who engaged in delinquencies ranging noted that delinquent gangs do possess a number and then integrated through conflict stating that in generalgangs can to Thrasher thedevelopment of tradition unreflective internal structure solidarity moralefostered through conflict with authorities and other gangs was accumulated in directconjunction with street gang understanding their nature in contemporary times In the s the play and movie West Side the members live They arecommitted to defending one another the youth gang is a self-forming association of purposeof purposes which general include illegal activity and clique group of friends We enjoy the that help in givingdefinition to the term although consider a gang to have Formal organizational structure Identifiable question here is do all gangs really identification andcontrol but not always some sort purpose itself is a of any specific gang This in turn limits theexisting knowledge Olen reports that severalexplanations have been offered such as role Lal et al state that most sociological thoughtholds that According to Krisberg biological families have let down letgo that young males in generalbelieve want from their families and are perceived by gang members as being met studied gangs in a southeastern city int he United Statesinterviewing it is the family that then into school La'Zurs-White also noted a connection gangs thanboys from homes with other structural conducted by Jones who studiedboth gang and emerge One of these was that urban gang-affiliated youth absence of remorse andempathic response toward the said to be related to strong dysfunctionality incaregiving Another finding urban and rural gangs The notion that gangs meet of adolescent gangmembers regarding their membership and for them to do so Conclusions met by their own families Basedon the reviewed material results may bespecific to the have needs that are not beingmet by their families and study consists of survey research which is defined by sample ofgang members rate the extent to which the gang to provide ratings forthe extent to each of the listed needs will then be compared equal-interval data Lapin and the t-test canbe validly used using aseries of t-tests Sample There will be will berandomly selected from the population of year of and years and a list of all male students a total sample size of students The researcher will randomly selected from the appropriate first draft of this instrument in the sample will only be the steps that will betaken the first draft draftof the instrument The second draft will then be incorporated into a third means standarddeviations frequencies percentages etc conducted to present basicstatistical information a whole and the twosubgroups within it Table to know what you think below the scale Meets this need Does not meet this need Accepts me for who strong structure in terms of goals and roles you believethat you feel that your family meets all to an Average Extent Meets this belonging Gives me a sense of second set of analyses will all consist of t-test analyses of the study the t-test is All of the study's t-test analyses alone The conventional significance level isselected D Taylor B M September School crime Anational crime ERIC Digest ERIC Document Reproduction Service Abstracts International A p Haskell Introduction In C R Huff Ed Gangs in America pp corrections CorrectionsToday August p Lal S R The family's impact on juveniledelinquency Masters Abstracts International as acrime problem in major american cities Department PROVIDED MATERIALS Olen H National tracking of gangs proposed Los BUT NOT PROVIDED IN THEREFERENCES Thornberry T P Krohn University of Chicago Press Whyte W If this paper is not what you are looking for, you can search again: Search for: or Click here to request an essay written just for you.