ORIGINS OF THE COLD WAR.   Term Paper ID:29878 Click to get this paper

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Paper Abstract: Compares traditional, revisionist and non-revisionist views. The breakdown of World War II patterns of cooperation. Division of the world into competing armed camps. Postwar Western-Soviet relations. Argument that neither side had sole responsibility for the Cold War. Shift in balance of power with Soviet power entering Europe. Paper Introduction: ORIGINS OF THE COLD WAR: TRADITIONAL, REVISIONIST AND NEO-REVISIONIST INTERPRETATIONS This research paper compares various traditional, revisionist and neo-revisionist views of the origins of the Cold War --i.e. the breakdown of wartime patterns of cooperation between the United States and other Western powers and the division of much of the world into competing armed camps during the period 1946-1949. In doing so, the referenced quotation from Eric Hobsbawm's The Age of Extremes: A History of the World 1914-1991 serves as a focal point of analysis. Legacy of the Past The Hobsbawm quotation follows the more or less standard revisionist interpretations of the origins of the Cold War which appeared in the 1960s and 1970s and largely represented ela Text of the Paper: The entire text of the paper is shown below. However, the text is somewhat scrambled. We want to give you as much information as we possibly can about our papers and essays, but we cannot give them away for free. In the text below you will find that while disordered, many of the phrases are essentially intact. From this text you will be able to get a solid sense of the writing style, the concepts addressed, and the sources used in the research paper. breakdown ofwartime patterns of cooperation between the United States History of the World serves as elaborations of positions which weretaken in favor of acontinuation of America's wartime policy of political affairs of EasternEurope than Russia WorldWar III iii The revisionist view that hysteria and McCarthyism which in America accompanied theoutbreak of Soviet Union posed no postwar threat to the vitalinterests of in the world and with a temporary monopoly had now shifted dramatically in favor ofthe Soviet This rather benign view of another revisionist historian La Feber pointed out theCold War War I as well as its efforts the RussianCivil War of Despite despotic domestic policies of Stalin'sRussia including George Kennan Charles Bohlen and others who state denying the possibilities of coexistence committed to mid s during which conflicts ofinterest such as over the common effort against Hitler President Franklin to Russia William Bullitt a Riga axiomadherent andpeace viii This was a opened the wayfor the Red Army to important ofwhich were unilateral imposition of Soviet bases in theDardanelles and other gain control of a buffer zone in Poland social system as faras his army domination of Eastern Europe He and Winston Churchill had however negotiating at Yalta a compromise underwhich Stalin by his actions had led the Americanpeople Truman administration protestedSoviet absorption of Eastern Europe his deathsaid Averell Harriman American Ambassador to the took place in stages Thecommunists used what Hungarian took place much earlier in Revisionist and neo-revisionist historians Sovietization process throughits intransigence East Germany Europe xiii Trumanflipped flopped a lot to refuse toacquiesce in the hostile foreign policy Conservative neo-revisionist Gaddissaid Russian Intentions Hobsbawm and other revisionists argue that due to time They both however expressed the opinionthat the Soviet Union United States xvi Based on their wanted to avoid confrontation with the West was not averse to exerting very strong Kim Il Sung's invasion of South Korea xviii enemies not the type of fact that the Soviet Unionwas not a traditional ensure the continueddomination of the Communist Party at West reason to be alarmed concerning Soviet intentions paranoia Conflict over Germany The and Churchill at Yalta attempted to resistStalin's demands for steal as much as you can xxii The Russians in turn helped themselves in Germany unity but theeconomic burden unreconstructed Germany represented to a Western decision to alignWest Germany with the West on Europe and therest of the world as world economic order in which of Southeast Asia For those reasons they were gravely the governments of France andItaly the importance of economic factors of American foreign policy xxiv Atomic Diplomacy Japan and elsewhere in The refusal of Plan was a source ofconflict However it is against the SovietUnion Conclusion The contributions of the such as the postwar political vacuums and instability in Europeand East-Westrelations Their central thesis however not on the basis of whatthe Soviets could or might and later theChinese communist takeover threatened to shift to the Germany In The Origins of the Cold War the Cold War New York Columbia ed Goncharov Sergei John W Lewis and Xue Litai The of Extremes A History of the World London ed La Feber Walter America Russia and the Cold Leffler Melvyn P The Primacy of Wilfried Stalin's Unwanted Child The Soviet Union the Cold War eds Robert J McMahon and Thomas G Origins of the Cold War The Riga and Yalta Axioms In The Origins In The Origins of the Cold World London Pantheon Books Arthur M Schlesinger Jr Communist Ideology Cold War Essex England Longman War New York JohnWiley Sons Daniel Union The GermanQuestion and The Limits of American Power in Security in Soviet ForeignPolicy in McMahon and Paterson Vladislav McMahon andPaterson Gaddis McCauley Schlesinger in McMahon traditional revisionist and neo-revisionist views period In doing so the referenced quotation standard revisionistinterpretations of the origins of the Cold President Henry Wallace In his Soviet Union for a sphere of influence in Eastern Europe Wallace said the tougherwe get the the sand s for several reasons revulsion Western policy toward the SovietUnion and the unpopularity of the a considerably weaker power than theUnited States which the balance of power in the The Soviets then had divisions more orthodoxor traditional historians either with debts to the West and the Soviet Union's Soviet suspicions and hostility stemmed from the basic tenets ofMarxist-Leninism relations remained troubled during the s largely due to and the Nazi-Soviet Pact As Yergin pointed he called the Riga axioms namely an image of the vii Nazi Germany's invasion of Russia triggered a Europe before friction over Lend-Lease Soviet complaintsabout Allied bothessential and feasible to obtain Russian postwar cooperation In noblesse oblige he won't try toannex anything and will vacuum in Central andEastern Europe During friction developedamong the former on the periphery of Europe including Russianslowness in withdrawing be sure Stalin had since beenfairly He told Yugoslav communist Milovan Djilas in whoeveroccupies a that the West was not to self-determination Britain had gone to war against Germanyover on LiberatedEurope under which the Big Three pledged themselves timeleading the Russians to expect by the heavy-handed Soviet approach has broken every one of hispromises he made at coup ofearly mixed popular front' governments In Poland repression andeven to Soviet domination of the area Eisenberg went even Westopposed Russian actions in Eastern policy fluctuated like a compass needleseeking the over Central and Eastern Europe Americans had learnedfrom the emergence of another without thestrongest feelings Kennan in his LongTelegram in February opined that Stalin weakness orirresolution Leffler said Stalin prepared to take a course of to include direct Soviet-American conflict Onthe other hand that the Korean War would never his objectivesclear xix And even blamefor the Cold War xx According to traditional historian Schlesinger imperialisttendencies and Marxist-Leninist ideology made up a the long-suffering Russian people to accept further exactions tosupport rearmament persons dealing with Stalin in his lateryears never theiroscillation between a policy of retribution and reprisal or a much smallersum Loth said use a postwar loan toRussia wealth of West Germany and feared Germanrearmament He therefore the pressures they exerted to force German Socialists tojoin such asMcCormick make much of American attempts to impose a Hull believed that economicprotectionism and States was highly dependent on the continued prosperity and that communist parties might take advantage ofpostwar it threatened communist control over the easternbloc economies Gaddis other equallyimportant factors such as the profound impact of the use its temporary monopoly overatomic weapons as a club to later unless the Soviets would accept of the American governmentand nuclear espionage effort the first evidence bear sole responsibilityfor the Cold War xxv And in lieu of the previous multipolar system allwere destabilizing factors not the perception of responsible eyes that strongly suggested thatthe introduction of State Who Created the American World New York Gaddis John Lewis The United War eds Robert J McMahon and War Boston Houghton Mifflin th War eds Robert J McMahon and Thomas Turns Hot In What If eds Robert J McMahon and Thomas the Cold War Essex England Longman d ed McCormick Thomas theCold War Boston Houghton Mifflin th ed Schlesinger Arthur Truce The Beginnings of the Mifflin th ed Zubok Vladislav and Constantine Pleshakov th ed Eric Hobsbawm The and Thomas G Paterson Boston HoughtonMifflin If ed Robert Cowley New York G P Putnam's Sons the Origins of the ColdWar New York Columbia University of the Cold War New York Atheneum Carolyn Created theAmerican World New York Paterson Sergei Goncharov John W Lewis and Xue Litae The andAmerican Militarization in Ibid Gaddis Ibid ORIGINS OF THE COLD WAR and other Westernpowers and the division of much of the a focal point of analysis i Legacy of the Past by critics of the Russian policy of cooperating with the SovietUnion and that the United States has in the political affairs of Latin America WesternEurope and as McCauley put it the Soviet Unioncannot the Cold War revelations in declassified the West because Russia had suffered on atomic weapons Thisretrospective view ignored the fact Union v The United States the capabilities and intentions of JosefStalin's developed on a foundation of a half century of during the s tosubvert capitalist governments moves toward rapprochement such as therecognition by the United including the starvation of millions of assumed importantpolicy-making roles in the unrelenting ideological warfare and powered the failure of the Allies to Rooseveltknew of Stalin's repressive domestic I think that if I give him Stalin everything I rather naive and ultimately unproductive approach Sources of Postwar Discord take over most of that region The Americans rule in Poland and elsewhere inthe East quarrels over pressures on Turkey Revisionists and neo-revisionists maintain whichhad been a traditional route of invasion of can reach ix FDR tacitly acknowledged pledged themselves to respect the agreed to allow a few London to expect free elections in Eastern It found itself trapped politically byprevious U S S R is right we can't Party leader Matyas Rakosi called argue that the Westexacerbated relations with the Soviets by was abandoned to the Russians xii over these issues in and early Chace Soviet takeover without first protesting against whatChurchill at Fulton Missouri having just defeated one dictator its weakness Stalin's Soviet Union did not have expansionist ambitions was inclined to exert pressure to expand study of recently declassifiedSoviet documents Russian historians xvii Stalin backed down over Iran the pressures or takingserious risks of war The Soviet blockade Gaddis pointed outthat the Soviet leader failed gentlemen in whom one could nation state xxi Kennan in his Long Telegrampointed out home Stalin's February speechin which he cited the irreconcilability In addition as Nikita Khrushchev noted in revisionists such as Eisenberg were certainly correct in pointingout that billion in German reparations At Potsdam Trumanand Here cause and effect gets Their rapacity in turnantagonized Germans British and Americans and the West theaggressive behavior of the and to divide that nation Economic Factors a cause of the Cold free trade and investment wouldprevail Moreover American defense planners understood concerned that critical foreignindustrial areas such as the Ruhr and The Marshall Plan was a inexplaining the origins of the Cold Most historians of whatever background now agree that the UnitedStates and Britain to share control hard to argue that the West was revisionists and neo-revisionists havefilled in the mosaic of postwar parts of Asia economic chaos and devastation and the that as Hobsbawm argues theWest was principally responsible for the do assuming they acted rationally but ratheron disadvantage of theWest the world balance of power Hence eds Robert J McMahon and Thomas University Press Garson Robert A The Limits of American Conflicted and Troubled Sino-Soviet Alliance In Pantheon Books Kolko Joyce and Gabriel War New York John Wiley Sons Security in Soviet Foreign Policy the German Question and The Founding of the GDR Paterson th ed McMahon Robert J eds Robert J McMahon and Thomas G Paterson of the Cold War eds Robert J McMahon and War eds Robert J McMahon and StalinistTotalitarianism and American Universalism in The Origins d ed McCauley David Clay Lange Funeral in Berlin Yergin American Ideology The Riga and Yalta Axioms ineds McMahon Founding of the GDR New York St Martin's Press Gaddis Eastern Europe in McMahon and Paterson Zubok and Constantine Pleshakov Stalin's Road to and Paterson Loth Joyce and Gabriel Kolko American Capitalism and of the origins of the Cold War i e the fromEric Hobsbawm's The Age of Extremes A War which appeared in the sand s and largely represented MadisonSquare Garden speech of September Wallace argued Wallace said we have no more business in the tougher the Russians will get thus raising the risk of by many in the West to the anti-communist Vietnam War iv The revisionist argumentbasically was that the emerged from World War II as the dominant economicpower region Europe at least in terms ofconventional military strength million armedmen in Central Europe Soviet conduct prior to or in As departure from theAllied coalition in World and the ineffective Western intervention in Westernnegative reactions to the brutal and out a key cadre of American Russian experts Soviet Union as aworld revolutionary marriage ofconvenience the Grand Alliance of the surrender discussions in Italy etc were downplayed in theinterest of August FDR told former ambassador work with me in a world of democracy The Allies belated invasion of the Continent Allies over a series of issues the most from Iran and its demands for overt about his aim to territory also imposes on it his own in a position to preventRussian Poland's right to exist In to free electionseverywhere Gaddis said the President a free hand x After FDR's death in April the to governing the East Even FDR before Yalta xi The Sovietization of Eastern Europe the disappearance of non-communist Poles further whenshe suggested that the West accelerated the Europe mostly rhetorically andeventually acquiesced in a permanent division of right azimuth xiv Moreover it had good reason their experiences with Germany that totalitarianism often foundexpression in a of apprehension and anger xv Did the West Misread probably was unwilling to riskwar with the West at that wanted to avoid military conflictwith the unbridled unilateral expansionafter World War II He he anticipated an eventual war between capitalism andcommunism He have begun if Stalin had notsanctioned neo-revisionist McCauley acknowledged that theSoviets were their own worst the great omissionof the revisionists lies precisely in the potent mixture Heargued that expansionist policies were necessary to after the most devastating war in Russian historycertainly gave the were sure whether his reactions would be prompted by prudenceor one ofrehabilitation of Germany FDR Stalin's instructions to his subordinates in Germany were as leverage for political concessions the loan was never finalized supported the concept of German with German Communists eventually led to liberal and opencapitalist trading system dominated by the United States autarky were major causes of war They sought a newpostwar ofWestern Europe and Japan and access to the raw materials chaos and devastation to overthrow says that the revisionists and neo-revisionists as economicdeterminists overemphasize domestic politicalsystem on the conduct induce the Russians to make concessions inEastern Europe the internationalcontrol and verification measures of the Baruch of which in theGouzenko case helped harden American public opinion as Paterson pointed out many systemicfactors which helped result in a breakdown of Westernstatesmen at the time who had to make decisions Soviet power into the center of Europe Simon Schuster Eisenberg Carolyn Dividing States and the Origins of Thomas G Paterson Boston Houghton Mifflin th ed Hobsbawm Eric The Age G Paterson Boston Houghton Mifflin th ed Robert Cowley New York G P Putnam'sSons G Paterson Boston Houghton Mifflin th ed Loth J Economic Crisis and American Militarization In The Origins of M Jr Communist Ideology StalinistTotalitarianism In The Cold War New York Atheneum Yergin Daniel American Ideology Stalin's Road to theCold War Age of Extremes A History of the th ed Martin McCauley The Origins of the Walter La Feber America Russia and the Cold Press Wilfried Loth Stalin's Unwanted Child The Soviet Eisenberg Dividing Germany in McMahon and Paterson Robert Garson The Simon Schuster Gaddis Melvyn P Leffler The Primacy of Conflictedand Troubled Origins of the Sino-Soviet Alliance in TRADITIONAL REVISIONIST AND NEO-REVISIONIST INTERPRETATIONS This research paper compares various world into competing armed campsduring the The Hobsbawm quotation follows the more or less the administration of PresidentHarry Truman such as former Vice should recognize the legitimate securityneeds of the the United States ii Otherwise be held responsible for the Cold War gained currency in Western archives ofpostwar differences of opinion concerning great damage during theRusso-German war of and was that as Lange put it by had effectively demobilized itsgreat army in Europe Soviet Union after the war also did not square said Russian-Americandistrust and apprehension vi The Bolshevik Revolution the repudiationof Russian spawned deep Western distrust of the SovietUnion States of the Soviet Union in Western-Soviet peasants pursuant to thecollectivization of agriculture and his bloody purges late s developed during the s and swhat by a messianicdrive for world mastery open a Second Front inWestern policies but believed that it was possibly canand ask for nothing from him in return and Division The collapse of Nazi Germany created a power eclipsedthe other European nations in the West Soviet claims for reparations from Germany andvarious Soviet pressures that the Western Alliesexaggerated the Soviet threat To Russia and elsewhere along itseastern border at the Tehran andYalta summit conferences right of peoples in liberatedterritories non-communist Poles into anotherwise communist-dominated government and the Declaration Europe while at the same declarations of principle It also was troubled do business with Stalin He salamitactics tolerating for several years in Czechoslovakia until the failing to acquiesce sooner thanit did The response of orthodox or traditional historians is that the said in and American foreign in early characterized as the loweringof an Iron Curtain thought to have unlimitedambitions Americans could not regard outside theeastern bloc Churchill in his Fulton speech and thefrontiers of Soviet communist power and to exploit Western Zubok and Pleshakov agreed Stalin was not Dardanelles the Berlin Blockade and theexpansion of the Korean War of Berlin was highly provocative We also know to make the limited nature of place great trust Stalin must bear much of the that traditional Russian suspicion of foreigners of capitalism and communism andcalled on his speech denouncingStalinist excesses nations and the American government helped confuse the Russians by Secretary of State James Byrnes eventually acceded to confused Dueto domestic political opposition and the desire to led to conflict Stalinwanted to gain access to the Russians including the rape of thousands ofGerman women and Many revisionists such as the Kolkos and neo-revisionists War xxiii Top American officialssuch as Secretary of State Cordell that the national securityof the United Manchuria might come undercommunist control direct result The Marshall Plan was rejectedby the Soviets because War and that they neglect the UnitedStates attempted without much success to of atomic weapons with the Sovietsduring the war or imprudent in thisrespect given the massive Soviet infiltration Western-Soviet relations and supportGaddis' overall conclusion that neither side can introduction of abipolar great power system Cold War simply does not holdwater That certainly was the basis of the evidence before their their firm response Endnotes BibliographyChace James Acheson The Secretary of G Paterson Boston Houghton Mifflin th ed Power in Eastern Europe InThe Origins of the Cold The Origins of the Cold American Capitalism and Expansion In The Origins of the Cold Lange David Clay Funeral in Berlin The Cold War In The Origins of the Cold War New York St Martin's Press McCauley Martin The Origins of and Thomas G Paterson eds The Origins of Boston Houghton Mifflin th ed Thomas Hugh Armed Thomas G Paterson Boston Houghton Thomas G Paterson Boston Houghton Mifflin of the ColdWar eds Robert J McMahon The Cold War Turns Hot inWhat and Paterson John Lewis Gaddis The United States and Hugh Thomas Armed Truce The Beginnings James Chace Acheson The Secretary of State Who theCold War in McMahon and Expansion inMcMahon and Paterson and Thomas J McCormick Economic Crisis breakdown ofwartime patterns of cooperation between the United States History of the World serves as elaborations of positions which weretaken in favor of acontinuation of America's wartime policy of political affairs of EasternEurope than Russia WorldWar III iii The revisionist view that hysteria and McCarthyism which in America accompanied theoutbreak of Soviet Union posed no postwar threat to the vitalinterests of in the world and with a temporary monopoly had now shifted dramatically in favor ofthe Soviet This rather benign view of another revisionist historian La Feber pointed out theCold War War I as well as its efforts the RussianCivil War of Despite despotic domestic policies of Stalin'sRussia including George Kennan Charles Bohlen and others who state denying the possibilities of coexistence committed to mid s during which conflicts ofinterest such as over the common effort against Hitler President Franklin to Russia William Bullitt a Riga axiomadherent andpeace viii This was a opened the wayfor the Red Army to important ofwhich were unilateral imposition of Soviet bases in theDardanelles and other gain control of a buffer zone in Poland social system as faras his army domination of Eastern Europe He and Winston Churchill had however negotiating at Yalta a compromise underwhich Stalin by his actions had led the Americanpeople Truman administration protestedSoviet absorption of Eastern Europe his deathsaid Averell Harriman American Ambassador to the took place in stages Thecommunists used what Hungarian took place much earlier in Revisionist and neo-revisionist historians Sovietization process throughits intransigence East Germany Europe xiii Trumanflipped flopped a lot to refuse toacquiesce in the hostile foreign policy Conservative neo-revisionist Gaddissaid Russian Intentions Hobsbawm and other revisionists argue that due to time They both however expressed the opinionthat the Soviet Union United States xvi Based on their wanted to avoid confrontation with the West was not averse to exerting very strong Kim Il Sung's invasion of South Korea xviii enemies not the type of fact that the Soviet Unionwas not a traditional ensure the continueddomination of the Communist Party at West reason to be alarmed concerning Soviet intentions paranoia Conflict over Germany The and Churchill at Yalta attempted to resistStalin's demands for steal as much as you can xxii The Russians in turn helped themselves in Germany unity but theeconomic burden unreconstructed Germany represented to a Western decision to alignWest Germany with the West on Europe and therest of the world as world economic order in which of Southeast Asia For those reasons they were gravely the governments of France andItaly the importance of economic factors of American foreign policy xxiv Atomic Diplomacy Japan and elsewhere in The refusal of Plan was a source ofconflict However it is against the SovietUnion Conclusion The contributions of the such as the postwar political vacuums and instability in Europeand East-Westrelations Their central thesis however not on the basis of whatthe Soviets could or might and later theChinese communist takeover threatened to shift to the Germany In The Origins of the Cold War the Cold War New York Columbia ed Goncharov Sergei John W Lewis and Xue Litai The of Extremes A History of the World London ed La Feber Walter America Russia and the Cold Leffler Melvyn P The Primacy of Wilfried Stalin's Unwanted Child The Soviet Union the Cold War eds Robert J McMahon and Thomas G Origins of the Cold War The Riga and Yalta Axioms In The Origins In The Origins of the Cold World London Pantheon Books Arthur M Schlesinger Jr Communist Ideology Cold War Essex England Longman War New York JohnWiley Sons Daniel Union The GermanQuestion and The Limits of American Power in Security in Soviet ForeignPolicy in McMahon and Paterson Vladislav McMahon andPaterson Gaddis McCauley Schlesinger in McMahon traditional revisionist and neo-revisionist views period In doing so the referenced quotation standard revisionistinterpretations of the origins of the Cold President Henry Wallace In his Soviet Union for a sphere of influence in Eastern Europe Wallace said the tougherwe get the the sand s for several reasons revulsion Western policy toward the SovietUnion and the unpopularity of the a considerably weaker power than theUnited States which the balance of power in the The Soviets then had divisions more orthodoxor traditional historians either with debts to the West and the Soviet Union's Soviet suspicions and hostility stemmed from the basic tenets ofMarxist-Leninism relations remained troubled during the s largely due to and the Nazi-Soviet Pact As Yergin pointed he called the Riga axioms namely an image of the vii Nazi Germany's invasion of Russia triggered a Europe before friction over Lend-Lease Soviet complaintsabout Allied bothessential and feasible to obtain Russian postwar cooperation In noblesse oblige he won't try toannex anything and will vacuum in Central andEastern Europe During friction developedamong the former on the periphery of Europe including Russianslowness in withdrawing be sure Stalin had since beenfairly He told Yugoslav communist Milovan Djilas in whoeveroccupies a that the West was not to self-determination Britain had gone to war against Germanyover on LiberatedEurope under which the Big Three pledged themselves timeleading the Russians to expect by the heavy-handed Soviet approach has broken every one of hispromises he made at coup ofearly mixed popular front' governments In Poland repression andeven to Soviet domination of the area Eisenberg went even Westopposed Russian actions in Eastern policy fluctuated like a compass needleseeking the over Central and Eastern Europe Americans had learnedfrom the emergence of another without thestrongest feelings Kennan in his LongTelegram in February opined that Stalin weakness orirresolution Leffler said Stalin prepared to take a course of to include direct Soviet-American conflict Onthe other hand that the Korean War would never his objectivesclear xix And even blamefor the Cold War xx According to traditional historian Schlesinger imperialisttendencies and Marxist-Leninist ideology made up a the long-suffering Russian people to accept further exactions tosupport rearmament persons dealing with Stalin in his lateryears never theiroscillation between a policy of retribution and reprisal or a much smallersum Loth said use a postwar loan toRussia wealth of West Germany and feared Germanrearmament He therefore the pressures they exerted to force German Socialists tojoin such asMcCormick make much of American attempts to impose a Hull believed that economicprotectionism and States was highly dependent on the continued prosperity and that communist parties might take advantage ofpostwar it threatened communist control over the easternbloc economies Gaddis other equallyimportant factors such as the profound impact of the use its temporary monopoly overatomic weapons as a club to later unless the Soviets would accept of the American governmentand nuclear espionage effort the first evidence bear sole responsibilityfor the Cold War xxv And in lieu of the previous multipolar system allwere destabilizing factors not the perception of responsible eyes that strongly suggested thatthe introduction of State Who Created the American World New York Gaddis John Lewis The United War eds Robert J McMahon and War Boston Houghton Mifflin th War eds Robert J McMahon and Thomas Turns Hot In What If eds Robert J McMahon and Thomas the Cold War Essex England Longman d ed McCormick Thomas theCold War Boston Houghton Mifflin th ed Schlesinger Arthur Truce The Beginnings of the Mifflin th ed Zubok Vladislav and Constantine Pleshakov th ed Eric Hobsbawm The and Thomas G Paterson Boston HoughtonMifflin If ed Robert Cowley New York G P Putnam's Sons the Origins of the ColdWar New York Columbia University of the Cold War New York Atheneum Carolyn Created theAmerican World New York Paterson Sergei Goncharov John W Lewis and Xue Litae The andAmerican Militarization in Ibid Gaddis Ibid If this paper is not 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