MARITIME CONFLICTS IN THE ASIA PACIFIC REGION.   Term Paper ID:30088 Click to get this paper

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Paper Abstract: Discusses major maritime issues and potential armed conflicts among ASEAN nations. Arms race and growth of Chinese naval power. Chinese economy. The Spateley Islands issue of the South China Sea; their strategic importance to maritime trade. Conflict over the status of Taiwan. Korean Penisula conflict. Outlook for peace and stability of the Asia Pacific region. Paper Introduction: CURRENT MARITIME ISSUES/CONFLICT IN ASIA PACIFIC REGION This research paper outlines and discusses the major maritime issues and potential armed conflicts in the Asia Pacific region, their implications and the outlook for regional peace and security, with particular relevance to ASEAN nations. The ASEAN nations now include Brunei, Indonesia, Malaysia, Philippines, Singapore, Thailand and Vietnam. 1. Arms Race and Growth in Chinese Naval Power The Asia Pacific region is one of the most heavily armed regions of the world. The United States is the world's leading military superpower. China (the PRC) has had nuclear weapons since the 1960s and the largest army in the world. Japan could easily become a nuclear power and its Self-Defense forces, particularly its air force and navy, are formidable. The military Text of the Paper: The entire text of the paper is shown below. However, the text is somewhat scrambled. We want to give you as much information as we possibly can about our papers and essays, but we cannot give them away for free. In the text below you will find that while disordered, many of the phrases are essentially intact. From this text you will be able to get a solid sense of the writing style, the concepts addressed, and the sources used in the research paper. security withparticular relevance to ASEAN nations The ASEAN United States is the world's leading military its air force and navy are formidable Themilitary presence of nuclear power South Korea has strong trade and technology Chinese leaders under DengXiaoping and his successors the government isstill very strong Since the mid s as xviii Most of that increase has beendevoted to the modernization and a few dozen intercontinental ballistic missileswhich were described by bombers transports andolder MIG class systems purchased from the Israelis Crock December p airbases which could be remedied four modernRussian attack submarines the purchase in of two and Fravel The Chinese as yet have have improved their capacity to conduct too is only a matter oftime S PRC Shanghai Communique and subsequently the UnitedStates has negotiations leading toward Taiwan'sincorporation into mainland China was defused after the UnitedStates for self defense In the s ithas permitted Taiwan and Tokyo believethat Taiwan alone is or soon will square kilometers ofland mass amidst million strategically important because they sitastride about one crude petroleum and natural gas Calder March April pp The Chinese Ming Dynasties Under the United Nations Law of miles of their borders For and Taiwan sites inthe Spratleys September and Vietnamese patrol boats inwhich only miles off the Vietnamese coast the Indonesian government has protested In the National Peoples' Congress affirmed the PRC's claim Fravel September p It has pledged to resolve disputes over The Economist said that China skillfully used to negotiate separately with each nation Korean Peninsula Conflict The Koreas offers theprospect of eventual peaceful reunification into the South's capitalist system p While engaging indiplomatic talks capability In it agreed to halt that to letinternational inspectors monitor its nuclear vessels intrudedinto South Korean waters A tense day standoff with North Korea's leaders Implications Outlook The peace and stability that North Korea is playing a desperate formof diplomatic brinksmanship itself as a possible danger p Neither a major war but tensions are likely to years will remainimportantly dependent upon its continuing access to deal willdepend on two factors the maintenance of a common August China's leaders havealways said they would go to war timesof crisis Tucker reports September could become an are not likely to have much influence over Philippines and turn theflank of the ASEAN position in la therole played by the Japanese Navy in to work together including the planning and asthe Asian financial crisis eases they should not besurprised if the Chinese continue to fortify and also more recently by the distant future as a major naval and air power and the newnuclear age Current History Calder Crock S March China's arms' buildup Isthe paper tiger growing Freeman C W Jr July August Preventing war in the http www fas org news dprk wwwh Korean peninsula Views on Yellow Sea gun battle sunshine policy potential armed conflicts in the Asia Pacific region theirimplications and Power The Asia Pacific region is largestarmy in the world Japan could easily become for thePRC North Korea has a heavily armed As they pursued the modernization of today Bracken December p The PLA has been which Bernstein andMunro estimated was about percent between and in about nuclear weapons including about had a third class airforce consistinglargely of supersonic aircraft Their anti-aircraft defenses have been strengthened through the Sea September The basiclimiting factors are the lack A crash effort is however underway tobuild a blue water and the purchase from Russiaof shipboard the crisis in the Taiwan Straits and a naval presence in the South China Sea but the South China Sea within Taiwan and China be resolved peacefully In staged amphibious maneuvers in the vicinity and States is committed to make available to Taiwan in joint planning with Japan of a theater SpratlyIslands consist of virtually uninhabited islands a scattered rosaryof coral Kong to the Strait of Dobson and Fravel p These waters might more fabled than real ARig March p As it industrializes Chinese territory citing historic claims dating back acceded archipelago nations such asIndonesia and the Philippines may declare EEZs adjacent totheir shores According to Dobson and an air andnaval base In the Chinese occupied six to an American company inanother area near Vietnam In the blew up and in Chinese binding provision for the adjudication of that China has never claimed that the promised that China would aid energydevelopment projects not dealt with ASEAN bodies as feed its people South Korean PresidentKim Dae-jung's Sunshine Policy sunshine policy' is ultimately only sabre-rattling In the early s it appeared tobe well on and after further diplomatic pressure from the theability to deliver at least intermediate range ballistic missiles In and inflictedcasualties United States Information Agency June p Meanwhile above situations Theleast predictable power is North Korea But in orderto get this greatly alarmed by the missile thegreat powers in the region Any attempt by the PRC acquisition ofTaiwan is among China's top aims Japan and the United States likely to have to do so p Theliberation of to cope with theemergence of non-communist opposition within the country civil war On the other hand Taiwan under thecontrol SouthChina Sea but an overtly aggressive naval the ASEAN nations would do well to lookto their own modern forces The issue is not so much the which has largely characterized their efforts to and stability in the Asia Pacific region is North Koreans and the emergence H Munro The coming conflict withChina New York T Lennon China's nuclear modernizationprogram Fall Strategic Review pp W J and M Y Fravel September Views on Yellow Sea gun battle edu ExpertOpinion Gi-WookShin htm Tucker N B September Clinton's muddled jun htm CURRENT MARITIME ISSUES CONFLICT IN ASIA PACIFIC REGION This nations now includeBrunei Indonesia Malaysia Philippines Singapore Thailand and Vietnam superpower China the PRC has the Russians in the region has considerably recededsince conventional forces Taiwan has been arming in self-defense as reduced the size of the Peoples' LiberationArmy China's economy has expanded sohave and expansion of naval and air Caldwell and Lennon Fall as a credible minimum deterrent fighter planes Since then the Chinese However Dobson and Fravel said in fairly soon In the s the PRC navy Russian destroyers the introduction of the first antisubmarine warfare no aircraft carriers The Chinese joint serviceamphibious operations Dobson and Fravel South China Sea The Spratley Islands Issue Conflict Over the recognized that Taiwan is part of China but The PRC has shown increasing signs ofimpatience as dispatched an aircraft carrier there to purchase F fighters and be unable to survive a determined Chineseassault Chinese Ambitions square miles of ocean which third of the world's maritime trade including Japan'soil supply and however the Economist said that some foreign oil companies are PRC and Taiwan have claimed the Sea Convention LOSC to which varioushistorical political and economic reasons Vietnam Malaysia Brunei Indonesia p Various incidents have occurred among these claimants In two Vietnamese craft were sunk and but subsequentlywithdrew In China constructed a naval outpost at Mischief Chinese claims to areas containingnatural gas within to theentire Spratley Islands region but in Chinese Foreign Minister the islandspeacefully but has refused to discuss the region's economic turmoil to reinforce its claims communist regime in North Korea is of the Korean peninsula however Shin June argues that North with its neighbors and the program in exchange for American humanitarianaid and assistance in program In it sentmissiles over Japan ensued during the courseof which South Korean of the Asia Pacific region could be upset He said in order to generate the survival ofits people the United States South Korea remain highfor the foreseeable future The Taiwan Western and Japanesetechnology investment and front between thetwo maritime powers to prevent the permanent division ofChina effective toolfor rallying support p A dangerous period lies theoutcome of the simmering Taiwan crisis It the South China Sea China is is unlikely in the near conduct of air and sea exercises which shouldinclude non-ASEAN are not a major constraint but ratherrationalization of the islets under their control orseize others as they gradually improve development of the enhanced conventional and in theSouth China Sea References A rig too near March K E March April Asia's empty claws Business Week p Dahlby TaiwanStrait Foreign Affairs Maass H June Gunboat policy jun htm Shin G June Perry visit Internet http www the outlook for regional peace and one of the most heavily armed regions ofthe world The a nuclear power and its Self-Defense forces particularly standing army of over one million andis an incipient the Chinese economy and itsopening to Western largely preoccupiedwith maintaining internal order but its influence within and percent in pp and nuclear warheads deliverable by land-based missiles bombers obsolete s and s designed Soviet introduction ofelectronic countermeasures and million of AWACs type early warningradar of air to air refueling capability andforward navy including the purchase in of surface to air missiles Crock p and Dobson are believed to have addedto since They it cannot conductsustained combat operations there p That the next few years is over Taiwan Under the U the s the Taiwanese have resisted lobbed missileswithout warheads over Taiwan That crisis suchequipment and services as Taiwan needs anti-ballistic defense system which suggests that Washington specks and sand bars which consist of five Malacca Dahlby December p They are contain trillions ofdollars in underseas deposits of China is becoming alarge oil importer to thepre AD seafaring days of the Tang and exclusive economic zones EEZs of ocean regions within nautical Fravel in Vietnam occupied insome fashion China Philippines Malaysia islands off the Vietnamesecoast after a gun battle between Chinese Chinese built an oil rig and begandrilling in waters and Filipino naval craft exchanged gunfire in the area Since disputes The Chinese have issued conflicting statements concerning their intentions SouthChina Sea is the territorial waters of China Dobson and in the South China Sea a whole on Spratley Islands issues preferring of engagement of the two a way of absorbing theNorth the way to developing weapons grade plutonium West Japan and the PRC earlyJune a North Korean patrol boat and nine fishing former Secretary of Defense William Perry continued intermittenttalks Some observers such as GermanMaass June argue support North Korea must present firing is likely to permit NorthKorea to start or win to conquer Taiwan wouldjeopardize its economic development which for many foreign policy priorities A great and internal political developments withinChina According to Freeman July Taiwan is a touchstone of Chinese nationalism which in and thecentrifugal effects of economic modernization The ASEAN nations of the PRC would directly threaten the expansion in the region a naval and air defenses and learn how availability of financial resources which date Dobson andFravel September p In the meantime threatened by anenormous buildup of armed forces on the continent ofChina in the not too Knopf Bracken P December Asia's militaries Causing offence February Economist pp Red herringhegemon China in the South China Sea Current History sunshine policy Perry visit United States Information Agency pp Internet Taiwan policy Current History United States Information Agency June research paper outlines and discusses the major maritime issuesand Arms Race and Growth in Chinese Naval had nuclear weapons since the s and the but they are a major source of high technology weaponry have the smaller ASEAN nations PLA from five million men in to roughly million expenditures on the PLA the rate of increase forces As theworld's third largest nuclear power the PRC had nuclear force p Until the s the Chinese have purchased Russian modern SU s and other modern most of China's aircraftcannot even reach the South China consisted of coastal craft and about Soviet s design submarines and electronic warfarecountermeasure equipment aboard surface ships haveemphasized the acquisition of medium-range missiles which they demonstratedduring said in that China canmaintain Status of Taiwan The most likely area of majorconflict in it has insistedthat differences between reflected in the crisis in the Taiwan Straits when theChinese Under the Taiwan RelationsAct the United other means of airdefense and has engaged in the South China Sea The Spratley or stretch mileson a north-south axis from near Hong billion in annual trade between China and ASEAN nations beginning tosuspect that the South China Sea's riches may be that all of the SpratleyIslands are China in and most of the ASEAN nations have and the Philippines have laid claims to specific Chinaejected Vietnam from the Paracel Isands where it has established Vietnamese were killed In the Chinese granted oil exploration rights Reef within the Filipino EEZ which the Filipinos later Indonesia's EEZ LOSC contains no QianQichen told an ASEAN meeting its control over the Paracels InOctober Premier Zhu Rongji inthe South China Sea Causing February p China thus farhas undergoing such economichardships that it is unable even to Korea suspects that theSouth Korean United States North Korea hascontinued to engage in the development of peaceful heavy water reactors signifying that it had or would soon perfect patrol boats sunk one North Korean ship bythe outbreak of open hostilities over any of the Pyongyang urgently needs assistance from the West the PRC nor Japan whichwas conflict contains the seeds of serious conflict among markets On the other hand the which could prevent the realization of Chinese They now believe that they are ahead as thelargely unpopular communist Chinese leadership seeks would be unwise for them tointervene in the Chinese likely to play an increasingly assertive role in the term ifonly for logistic reasons However nations such as Australia which have more type of uncoordinated defense procurement andstrategy their forward naval and aircapabilities Conclusion Peace possibly nuclearmissile capability of the unpredictable Economist p Bernstein R and R tank ForeignAffairs pp Caldwell J and A T December South China Sea National Geographic pp Dobson as a cry for help DerTagesspiegel In Korean peninsula Conflict on the Korean peninsula Internet http www asiamedia ucla fas org news dprk www security withparticular relevance to ASEAN nations The ASEAN United States is the world's leading military its air force and navy are formidable Themilitary presence of nuclear power South Korea has strong trade and technology Chinese leaders under DengXiaoping and his successors the government isstill very strong Since the mid s as xviii Most of that increase has beendevoted to the modernization and a few dozen intercontinental ballistic missileswhich were described by bombers transports andolder MIG class systems purchased from the Israelis Crock December p airbases which could be remedied four modernRussian attack submarines the purchase in of two and Fravel The Chinese as yet have have improved their capacity to conduct too is only a matter oftime S PRC Shanghai Communique and subsequently the UnitedStates has negotiations leading toward Taiwan'sincorporation into mainland China was defused after the UnitedStates for self defense In the s ithas permitted Taiwan and Tokyo believethat Taiwan alone is or soon will square kilometers ofland mass amidst million strategically important because they sitastride about one crude petroleum and natural gas Calder March April pp The Chinese Ming Dynasties Under the United Nations Law of miles of their borders For and Taiwan sites inthe Spratleys September and Vietnamese patrol boats inwhich only miles off the Vietnamese coast the Indonesian government has protested In the National Peoples' Congress affirmed the PRC's claim Fravel September p It has pledged to resolve disputes over The Economist said that China skillfully used to negotiate separately with each nation Korean Peninsula Conflict The Koreas offers theprospect of eventual peaceful reunification into the South's capitalist system p While engaging indiplomatic talks capability In it agreed to halt that to letinternational inspectors monitor its nuclear vessels intrudedinto South Korean waters A tense day standoff with North Korea's leaders Implications Outlook The peace and stability that North Korea is playing a desperate formof diplomatic brinksmanship itself as a possible danger p Neither a major war but tensions are likely to years will remainimportantly dependent upon its continuing access to deal willdepend on two factors the maintenance of a common August China's leaders havealways said they would go to war timesof crisis Tucker reports September could become an are not likely to have much influence over Philippines and turn theflank of the ASEAN position in la therole played by the Japanese Navy in to work together including the planning and asthe Asian financial crisis eases they should not besurprised if the Chinese continue to fortify and also more recently by the distant future as a major naval and air power and the newnuclear age Current History Calder Crock S March China's arms' buildup Isthe paper tiger growing Freeman C W Jr July August Preventing war in the http www fas org news dprk wwwh Korean peninsula Views on Yellow Sea gun battle sunshine policy potential armed conflicts in the Asia Pacific region theirimplications and Power The Asia Pacific region is largestarmy in the world Japan could easily become for thePRC North Korea has a heavily armed As they pursued the modernization of today Bracken December p The PLA has been which Bernstein andMunro estimated was about percent between and in about nuclear weapons including about had a third class airforce consistinglargely of supersonic aircraft Their anti-aircraft defenses have been strengthened through the Sea September The basiclimiting factors are the lack A crash effort is however underway tobuild a blue water and the purchase from Russiaof shipboard the crisis in the Taiwan Straits and a naval presence in the South China Sea but the South China Sea within Taiwan and China be resolved peacefully In staged amphibious maneuvers in the vicinity and States is committed to make available to Taiwan in joint planning with Japan of a theater SpratlyIslands consist of virtually uninhabited islands a scattered rosaryof coral Kong to the Strait of Dobson and Fravel p These waters might more fabled than real ARig March p As it industrializes Chinese territory citing historic claims dating back acceded archipelago nations such asIndonesia and the Philippines may declare EEZs adjacent totheir shores According to Dobson and an air andnaval base In the Chinese occupied six to an American company inanother area near Vietnam In the blew up and in Chinese binding provision for the adjudication of that China has never claimed that the promised that China would aid energydevelopment projects not dealt with ASEAN bodies as feed its people South Korean PresidentKim Dae-jung's Sunshine Policy sunshine policy' is ultimately only sabre-rattling In the early s it appeared tobe well on and after further diplomatic pressure from the theability to deliver at least intermediate range ballistic missiles In and inflictedcasualties United States Information Agency June p Meanwhile above situations Theleast predictable power is North Korea But in orderto get this greatly alarmed by the missile thegreat powers in the region Any attempt by the PRC acquisition ofTaiwan is among China's top aims Japan and the United States likely to have to do so p Theliberation of to cope with theemergence of non-communist opposition within the country civil war On the other hand Taiwan under thecontrol SouthChina Sea but an overtly aggressive naval the ASEAN nations would do well to lookto their own modern forces The issue is not so much the which has largely characterized their efforts to and stability in the Asia Pacific region is North Koreans and the emergence H Munro The coming conflict withChina New York T Lennon China's nuclear modernizationprogram Fall Strategic Review pp W J and M Y Fravel September Views on Yellow Sea gun battle edu ExpertOpinion Gi-WookShin htm Tucker N B September Clinton's muddled 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